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Baader, Franz Xaver von - German philosopher, born at Munich, 1765; died 23 May, 1841
Baal, Baalim - A word which belongs to the oldest stock of the Semite vocabulary and primarily means 'lord', 'owner'
Baalbek - Town in Syria; also called Heliopolis
Babel - The word is derived from the Babylonian bab-ilu, meaning 'gate of God'
Babel, Tower of - Information on the history, site, and construction of the tower
Babenstuber, Ludwig - German philosopher and theologian; vice-chancellor of the University of Salzburg; born 1660 at Teining in Bavaria; died 5 April, 1726, at the Benedictine monastery of Ettal
Babinet, Jacques - French physicist (1794-1872)
Babylas, Saint - Bishop of Antioch, martyr in the Decian persecution, died in prison
Babylon (Title) - The curial title of a Latin archbishopric, also of a Chaldean patriarchate, and of a Syrian archbishopric
Babylonia - Includes geography, history, and biblical references
Baccanceld - This meeting was rather a witenagemot, or Parliament, than an ecclesiastical synod, presided over by Wihtred, King of Kent
Bacchus and Sergius - Soldiers, martyred in the Diocletian persecution in about 303. Universally venerated in the East
Bacchylus - Bishop of Corinth
Bachelor of Arts - A degree marking the completion of the traditional curriculum of the college
Bachelot, Alexis John Augustine - Prefect Apostolic of the Sandwich Islands (1796-1837)
Bachiarius - An early fifth-century writer, known only through two treatises which warrant the conjecture that he was a monk, possibly an abbot, and a Spaniard
Bachmann, Paul - Catholic theological controversialist, born at Chemnitz, Saxony, about 1466
Backer, Augustin de - Bibliographer, born at Antwerp, Belgium, 18 July, 1809; died at Liege, 1 December, 1873
Backx, Peter Hubert Evermode - Ordained priest 17 March, 1832, considered the second founder of the Norbertine Abbey of Tongerloo
Bacon, David William - First Bishop of Portland, Maine (1813-1874)
Bacon, John - An English Carmelite and theologian, born towards the end of the thirteenth century
Bacon, Nathaniel - Better know under the assumed name of Southwell, a Jesuit priest and bibliographer, b. in the county of Norfolk, England, in 1598; d. at Rome, 2 Dec., 1676
Bacon, Roger - Philosopher, born at Ilchester, Somersetshire, about 1214; died at Oxford, perhaps 11 June, 1294
Baconian System of Philosophy, The - Essay takes a look at this system and its relation to theology and the beliefs of the Catholic church
Badajoz - The Latin name Pax, or Civitas Pacensis, was given to this district because it was thought to be the Pax Julia or Pax Augusta of the Romans
Baden - The Grand Duchy of Baden is situated in the southwestern part of the German Empire
Badia, Tommaso - Cardinal, author, papal legate, born at Modena, 1483; died at Rome, 6 September, 1547
Badin, Stephen Theodore - Pioneer missionary priest of Kentucky (1768-1853)
Badius, Raphael - A Florentine Dominican of the seventeenth century
Bæticus, Gregory - Bishop of Elvira, in the province of Baetica, Spain, from which he derived his surname; d. about 392
Baegert, John Jacob - Missionary and ethnographer (1717-1777)
Baert, François - Bollandist, born at Ypres, 25 August, 1651; died at Antwerp, 27 October, 1719
Bæumer, Suitbert - Historian of the Breviary and one of the most scholarly patrologists of the nineteenth century
Bagamoyo - Vicariate apostolic in German East Africa, separated by a pontifical Decree of 11 May, 1906, from the Vicariate Apostolic of Northern Zanzibar
Bagdad - Founded on the Tigris by the second Abbaside Caliph Abou Giafar al Mansur (762 or 764) and named by him Medinet es-Selam, or City of Salvation
Bageis - A titular see of Lydia in Asia Minor
Baglioni, Giovanni, Cavaliere - Known as the 'Deaf Man of the Barozzo', a painter of distinction, b. in Rome, 1571; d. there 1644
Bagnorea - A diocese situated in the district of Viterbo, Italy, and immediately subject to the Holy See
Bagot, Jean - Theologian, born at Rennes, in France, 9 July, 1591, died at Paris, 23 August, 1664
Bagshaw, Christopher - Convert, priest, prisoner for the Faith, and a prominent figure in the controversies between Catholic priests and the reign of Elizabeth
Bahama Islands, The - The most northerly group of the West Indies
Bailey, Thomas - Controversialist, died c. 1657
Baillargeon, Charles François - A French-Canadian bishop (1798-1870)
Baillet, Adrien - French author (1649-1706)
Bailloquet, Pierre - French missionary to Canadian Indians (1612-1692)
Baily, Thomas - A Catholic clergyman, b. in Yorkshire, England; d. at Douai, France, 7 October, 1591
Bainbridge, Christopher - Archbishop of York, and Cardinal (1464-1514)
Baines, Peter Augustine - Titular Bishop of Siga (1787-1843)
Baines, Ralph - Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry, England, b. at Knowsthorp, Yorks, date of birth uncertain; d. 18 November, 1559
Baini, Abbate Giuseppe - Composer, born in Rome, 21 October, 1775; died there 21 May, 1844
Baithen of Iona, Saint - Irish monk, immediate successor of St. Columba as abbot of Iona. Baithen died sometime between 598 and 600
Baius, Michel - Theologian and author of a system known as Baianism (1513-1589)
Baker, Venerable Charles - Real name David Henry Lewis. Biography of the convert to Catholicism, who was martyred in 1679
Baker, David Augustine - Benedictine mystic and ascetic writer (1575-1641)
Baker, Francis Asbury - American priest and convert (1820-1865)
Baker City, Diocese of - Comprises Wasco, Klamath, Lake, Sherman, Gilliam, Wheeler, Morrow, Grant, Union, Crook, Umatilla, Wallowa, Baker, Harney, and Malheur counties in the State of Oregon, U.S.A
Bakócz, Thomas - Cardinal and statesman, b. about 1442, in the village of Erdoed, county Szatmar, Northeastern Hungary; d. 15 June, 1521
Balaam - The derivation of the name is uncertain. Dr. Neubauer would connect it with the god Ammo or Ammi, as though Balaam belonged to a people whose god or lord was Ammo or Ammi
Balanaea - A titular see of Syria
Balbina, Saint - There are at least two saints of this name venerated at Rome
Balbinus, Boleslaus - A Jesuit historian of Bohemia (1621-1688)
Balboa, Vasco Nuñez de - Explorer, discoverer of the Pacific Ocean from the west coast of Central America (1475-1517)
Balbuena, Bernardo de - A Spanish poet, born in Val de Penas, 1568; died in Porto Rico, 1627
Balbus, Hieronymus - Humanist, poet, diplomatist, and Bishop of Gurk in Carinthia, b. about 1450 at Venice; d. there, probably 1535
Baldachium of the Altar - A dome-like canopy in wood, stone, or metal, erected over the high altar of larger churches, generally supported on four columns, though sometimes suspended by chains from the roof
Balde, Jacob - A German poet (1604-1668)
Balderic (Baudry) - A monk of Liege, a writer and teacher of the twelfth century, b. date unknown, at Florennes in Belgium; d. about 1157
Balderic - Bishop of Dol, in France, chronicler, b. about 1050; d. 7 January, 1130
Baldi, Bernardino - An Italian poet and savant, b. at Urbino, 5 June, 1553; d. at the same place, 10 October, 1617
Baldinucci, Blessed Anthony - Jesuit priest and missionary, preached penitence and devotion to the Virgin Mary, d. 1717
Baldovinetti, Alesso - A notable Florentine painter, b. in Florence, 14 October, 1427; d. there, 29 August, 1499
Baldred, Saint - Two saints of this name have the same feast day. One was a Celt; the other, and Englishman
Baldung, Hans - Known as Grien or Grun, from his fondness for brilliant green, both in his own costume and in his pictures, a vigorous and distinguished painter, engraver, and draughtsman on wood, b. at Gmund, Swabia, about 1476; d. at Strasburg, 1545
Baldwin - Archbishop of Trier and Elector of the Holy Roman Empire, born 1285; died 1354
Baldwin, Francis - Jurist (1520-1573)
Baldwin of Canterbury - Thirty-ninth Archbishop, a native of Exeter, date of birth unknown; d. 19 Nov., 1190
Balearic Isles - A group in the western part of the Mediterranean belonging to Spain and consisting of four larger islands, Majorca, Minorca, Iviza, and Formentera, and eleven smaller islands of rocky formation
Bales, Christopher, Venerable - English priest, who was tortured and martyred less than three years after ordination. Also mentions fellow martyrs Nicholas Horner and Alexander Blake
Ball, Mother Frances Mary Teresa - Born in Dublin 9 January, 1794; died 19 May, 1861; foundress of the Irish Branch of the Institute of the Blessed Virgin Mary
Ballarat - One of the three suffragan dioceses of the ecclesiastical province of Melbourne, Australia
Ballerini, Antonio - Jesuit theologian (1805-1881)
Ballerini, Girolamo and Pietro - Celebrated theologians and canonists, the sons of a distinguished surgeon of Verona
Balme, Henry - A Franciscan theologian, born at Genera, date uncertain; d. 23 February, 1439
Balmes, Jaime Luciano - Philosopher and publicist, b. at Vich, Spain, 28 August, 1810; d. there, 9 July, 1848
Balsam - Balsam is an oily, resinous, and odorous substance, which flows spontaneously or by incision from certain plants, and which the Church mixes with olive oil for use as chrism
Balsamon, Theodore - A canonist of the Greek Church, born in the second half of the twelfth century at Constantinople; died there, after 1195
Baltasar - The Greek and Latin name for Belshazzar, which is the Hebrew equivalent for Bel-sarra-usur, i.e., 'May Bel protect the king'
Baltimore, Archdiocese of - History includes colonial and American periods
Baltimore, Plenary Councils of - Provides details of three councils held in 1852, 1866, and 1884
Baltimore, Provincial Councils of - These councils have a unique importance for the Church in the United States, inasmuch as the earlier ones legislated for practically the whole territory of the Republic, and furnished moreover a norm for all the later provincial councils of the country
Baltus, Jean François - Theologian, born at Metz, 8 June, 1667; died at Reims, 9 March, 1743
Balue, Jean - A French cardinal, b. probably c. 1421, in Poitou; d. 5 October, 1491, at Ripatransone
Baluze, Etienne - French scholar and historian (1630-1718)
Bamber, Ven. Edward - Lancashire priest martyred in 1646
Bamberg - Includes history and statistics for the Archdiocese of Bamberg, in the kingdom of Bavaria
Banaias - The name of several men mentioned in the Bible
Bancel, Louis - Born at Valence, 1628; died at Avignon, 1685
Bandello, Matteo - Writer, born at Castelnuovo di Scrivia in Piedmont, Italy, in 1480; died Bishop of Agen, France, in 1565
Banduri, Anselmo - Archaeologist and numismatologist (1671-1743)
Bañez, Domingo - Detailed article on the Spanish Dominican theologian
Bangor, Antiphonary of - The codex, found by Muratori in the Ambrosian Library at Milan
Bangor - Diocese; anciently known as Bangor Vawr, situated in Carnarvonshire on the Menai Straits
Bangor Abbey - The name of two famous monastic establishments in Ireland and England
Banim, John & Michael - Brothers and writers from Kilkenny, Ireland
Banjaluka - The Diocese of Banjaluka in Western Bosnia
Bankruptcy, Civil Aspect of - Earlier English terms, bankruptship, bankrupture
Bankruptcy, Moral Aspect of - Bankruptcy must be considered not only from the legal but also from the moral point of view; for sound morality prescribes that debts must be paid
Banns of Marriage - In general the ecclesiastical announcement of the names of persons contemplating marriage
Bapst, John - Jesuit missionary and educator (1815-1887)
Baptism - One of the Seven Sacraments of the Christian Church; frequently called the 'first sacrament', the 'door of the sacraments', and the 'door of the Church'
Baptismal Font - A basin or vase, serving as a receptacle for baptismal water in which the candidate for baptism is immersed, or over which he is washed, in the ceremony of Christian initiation
Baptismal Vows - The name popularly given to the renunciations required of an adult candidate for baptism just before the sacrament is conferred
Baptista Mantuanus, Blessed - Carmelite, Renaissance poet, d. 1516
Baptista Varani, Blessed - Poor Clare and ascetical writer. She died in 1527
Baptistery - The separate building in which the Sacrament of Baptism was once solemnly administered, or that portion of the church-edifice later set apart for the same purpose
Baptistines - I. Hermits of St. John the Baptist. II. Missionaries of St. John the Baptist. III. Sisterhood of St. John the Baptist
Baptists - A Protestant denomination which exists chiefly in English speaking countries and owes its name to its characteristic doctrine and practice regarding baptism
Barac - The deliverer of the Israelites from the power of the Chanaanites under the judgeship of Debbora
Baradæus, Jacob - A Syrian Monophysite bishop, born in Tella, towards the end of the fifth or the beginning of the sixth century, died in 578
Baraga, Frederic - First Bishop of Marquette, Michigan, U.S.A (1797-1868)
Barat, Madeleine-Sophie - Founder of the Society of the Sacred Heart, d. 1865
Barat, Nicolas - A French Orientalist, born at Bourges during the first quarter of the seventeenth century; died in 1706 at Paris
Barba, Alvaro Alonzo - A secular priest and writer
Barbalissos - A titular see of Mesopotamia
Barbara, Saint - Legendary virgin and martyr, first mentioned in the early seventh century. Alleged to have died in the third or fourth century, but date is uncertain and place of martyrdom varies
Barbarigo, Giovanni Francesco - Italian Cardinal, nephew of Blessed Gregorio Barbarigo (1625-97), born in 1658 at Venice; died in 1730
Barbastro - Suffragan diocese of the Spanish province of Huesca
Barbelin, Felix-Joseph - Styled the 'apostle of Philadelphia', b. at Luneville, Province of Alsace, France, 30 May, 1808; d. in Philadelphia, 8 June, 1869
Barber Family, The - Daniel Barber, soldier of the Revolution, Episcopalian minister and convert (1756-1834) Virgil Horace Barber, son of Daniel (1782-1847)
Barbieri, Giovanni - A famous painter of religious subjects (1591-1666)
Barbosa, Agostino - A noted canonist, b. at Guimaraens, Portugal, in 1589; consecrated in Rome, 22 March, 1649, Bishop of Ugento in Otranto, Italy, died seven months later
Barbosa-Machado, Ignacio - A Portuguese historian, born at Lisbon in 1686; died in 1734
Barbour, John - Scottish ecclesiastic and author of 'The Bruce', a historical poem in the early Scottish or Northern English dialect, b. about 1320; d. 1395
Barbus, Paulus - Italian philosopher and theologian, died at Cremona, 4 August, 1494
Barca - A titular see of Cyrenaica in Northern Africa
Barcelona - One of the suffragan dioceses of the Archdiocese of Tarragona
Barcelona, University of - An outgrowth of the ecclesiastical schools founded in the eleventh century
Barcena, Alonzo de - A Jesuit, native of Bacza in Andalusia, Spain (1528-1598)
Barclay, John - Author of the political novel 'Argenis' and other Latin works in prose and verse (1582-1621)
Barclay, William - Scottish jurist, b. 1546; d. at Angers, France, 3 July, 1608
Barco Centenera, Martin del - A secular priest, in 1572 accompanied as chaplain, the expedition of Juan Ortiz de Zarate to the Rio de La Plata
Barcos, Martin de - French theologian of the Jansenist School (1600-1678)
Bard, Henry - An English soldier and diplomat, b. 1604; d. 1660
Bardesanes and Bardesanites - Syrian Gnostic or, more correctly, a Syrian poet, astrologist, and philosopher, d. 222, at Edessa
Bar Hebræus - A Jacobite Syrian bishop, philosopher, poet, grammarian, physician, Biblical commentator, historian, and theologian (1226-1286)
Bari - An archdiocese situated in the province of the same name, in Apulia, Southern Italy
Barjesus - False prophet mentioned in the New Testament
Bar-Kepha, Moses - Jacobite bishop and writer (813-903)
Barkworth, Ven. Mark - Short biography of the English convert, martyred in 1601
Barlaam and Josaphat - Main characters of a seventh-century Christian legend. Barlaam, a hermit, converted the prince Josaphat to Christianity, despite the efforts of Josaphat's father Abenner to prevent such a thing. Although Barlaam and Josaphat are included in the Roman Martyrology and in the Greek calendar, the story is actually a Christianized version of a legend about Buddha
Barletta, Gabriel - Sometimes called Barlete, De Barolo, or Barolus
Barlings, Abbey of - Founded in 1154 in honour of Our Lady by Ralph de Haye who had given some lands to the Abbot of Newhouse
Barlow, Ven. Edward Ambrose - Short biography of the Benedictine priest, martyred at Lancaster in 1641
Barlow, William Rudesind - Third son of Sir Alexander Barlow of Barlow Hall, date of birth uncertain; d. at Douai, 19 Sept., 1656
Barnabas, The Epistle of - Contains no clue to its author nor to those for whom it was intended
Barnabas, Saint - Originally Joseph, styled an Apostle in Holy Scripture, and, like St. Paul, ranked by the Church with the Twelve, though not one of them
Barnabas of Terni - Friar Minor and missionary, d. 1474 or 1477
Barnabites - The popular name of a religious order which is canonically known by the title, given to it by Pope Paul III in 1535, of Regular Clerics of St. Paul
Baroccio, Federigo - Italian painter and engraver (1528-1612)
Barocco Style - A debased application to architecture of Renaissance features
Baron, Bonaventura - Irish Franciscan theologian, philosopher, and writer of Latin prose and verse (1610-1696)
Baron, Vincent - Dominican theologian and preacher (1604-1674)
Baronius, Venerable Cesare - Cardinal and ecclesiastical historian (1538-1607)
Barquisimeto - Diocese in Venezuela, South America
Barradas, Sebastião - A Portuguese exegete and preacher, born at Lisbon in 1543; died at Coimbra in 1615
Barral, Louis-Mathias, Count de - Archbishop of Tours, France, born 26 April, 1746, at Grenoble; died 7 June, 1816, at Paris
Barrande, Joachim - French palaeontologist (1799-1883)
Barrasa, Jacinto - Born at Lima, Peru, early in the seventeenth century; died there, 22 Nov., 1704
Barre, Antoine-Lefebvre, Sieur de la - Tenth French Governor-General of Canada, b. at Paris in 1622; d. in 1690
Barreira, Balthasar - A Portuguese Jesuit missionary, born at Lisbon, 1531; died 1612
Barrientos, Lopez de - Spanish Dominican bishop, patriot, and diplomat (1382-1469)
Barron, Edward - Irish missionary (1801-1854)
Barros, João de - Historian, b. in Portugal, 1496; d. 20 October, 1570
Barrow, John - Priest, descended from a family of stanch Catholic yeomen (1735-1811)
Barrow, William, Venerable - An English Jesuit martyr, born in Lancashire, in 1609, died 30 June, 1679
Barruel, Augustin - Controversialist and publicist, born at Villeneuve de Berg (Ardeche); 2 October, 1741; died at Paris, 5 October, 1820
Barry, John - U.S. Navy Captain (1745-1803)
Barry, John - Second Bishop of Savannah (1799-1859)
Barry, Patrick - Horticulturist (1816-1890)
Barry, Paul de - A member of the Society of Jesus, born at Leucate in 1587; died at Avignon, 28 July, 1661
Barthel, Johann Caspar - A German canonist (1697-1771)
Barthélemy, Jean-Jacques - French numismatologist and writer, b. at Cassis (Provence), 1716; d. in Paris, 1795
Bartholi, Francesco della Rossa - Friar Minor and chronicler, died c. 1372
Bartholomaeus Anglicus - Thirteenth-century Franciscan encyclopedist
Bartholomew, Saint - Mentioned in the lists of apostles in the Synoptic Gospels and in Acts, thought to be identical with Nathaniel (mentioned only in the Gospel of John)
Bartholomew - Also called Bartholomaeus Parvus (the Little), born at Bologna, year not known; died 15 August, 1333
Bartholomew of Braga, Venerable - Born at Verdela, near Lisbon, May, 1514; died at Viana, 16 July, 1590
Bartholomew of Braganca - Born about 1200; died 1 July, 1271
Bartholomew of Brescia - Italian canonist, b. probably in the second half of the twelfth century at Brescia; d. 1258
Bartholomew of Edessa - Syrian apologist and polemical writer
Bartholomew of Lucca - Historian, b. about 1227 at Lucca; d. about 1327
Bartholomew of Pisa - Friar Minor and chronicler
Bartholomew of San Concordio - Canonist, and man of letters, b. at San Concordia, near Pisa about 1260; d. at Pisa, 11 June, 1347
Bartholomew's Day Massacre, Saint - This massacre of which Protestants were the victims occurred in Paris on 24 August, 1572 (the feast of St. Bartholomew), and in the provinces of France during the ensuing weeks, and it has been the subject of knotty historical disputes
Bartholomites - The name given to Armenian monks who sought refuge in Italy after the invasion of their country by the Sultan of Egypt in 1296
Bartoli, Daniello - Historian and litterateur, born at Ferrara, 12 February, 1608; died in Rome, 12 January, 1685
Bartolocci, Giulio - A Cistercian monk and learned Hebrew scholar, b. at Celleno in the old kingdom of Naples, 1 April, 1613; d. at Rome, 19 October, 1687
Bartolommeo, Fra - Italian Dominican painter (1475-1517)
Bartolozzi, Francesco - An engraver, etcher, and painter, b. at Florence, 1727; d. at Lisbon, 1815
Barton, Elizabeth - Born probably in 1506; executed at Tyburn, 20 April, 1534; called the 'Nun of Kent'
Baruch - The disciple of Jeremiah, and the traditional author of the deuto-canonical book, which bears his name
Barzynski, Vincent - Polish-American priest (1838-1899)
Basil the Great, Saint - Biographical article on the Bishop of Caesarea, who is one of the Cappadocian Fathers, Doctor of the Church, and brother of St. Gregory of Nyssa
Basil, Liturgy of Saint - Several Oriental liturgies, or at least several anaphoras, have been attributed to the great St. Basil, Bishop of Caesarea in Cappadocia from 370 to 379
Basil, Rule of Saint - St. Basil drew up his Rule for the members of the monastery he founded about 356 on the banks of the Iris in Cappadocia
Basilians - Priests of the Community of St. Basil
Basilica - The term can indicate either the architectural style of a church, or its canonical status
Basilides - The earliest of the Alexandrian Gnostics, a native of Alexandria and flourished under the Emperors Adrian and Antoninus Pius, about 120-140
Basilides - Martyrs bearing this name are mentioned in the old martyrologies on three different days, namely, on 10, 12, and 28 June
Basilinopolis - A titular see of Asia Minor
Basilissa - Several saints of this name appear in martyrologies. Next to nothing is known about any of them except place of martyrdom, and sometimes the names of their spouses or companions in martyrdom
Basil of Amasea - Bishop and Martyr
Basil of Seleucia - Bishop and ecclesiastical writer, date of birth uncertain; d., probably, between 458 and 460
Basins, Ecclesiastical Use of - Extensively used in the Jewish Ritual and were in early use in Christian churches for ablutions and to receive lamp-drippings
Basle, Council of - Convoked by Pope Martin V in 1431, closed at Lausanne in 1449
Basle-Lugano - Composed of the two Dioceses of Basle and Lugano which are united only by having a bishop in common
Bas-relief - A sculpture executed upon and attached to a flat surface
Bassein - The birthplace of St. Gonsalo Garcia, the only Indian saint, who was a companion of St. Philip de las Casas, the first native of America to be canonized
Bassett, Joshua - Convert and controversialist, Master of Sidney Sussex College, born about 1641, at Lynn Regis, where his father was a merchant; died in London, in 1720
Bassi, Matthew of - Founder of the Capuchins (1495-1552)
Bassianus - Bishop of Ephesus (444-448)
Bastiat, Claude-Frédéric - A French economist, b. at Mugron, a small city in the Department of Landes, 29 June, 1801; d. at Rome, 24 December, 1850
Baston, Guillaume-André-Réné - A French theologian, b. at Rouen, 29 November, 1741; d. at Saint-Laurent, 26 September, 1825
Basutoland - A mountainous district of South Africa, bounded on the north and west by the Orange River Colony, on the easy by Natal, and on the south by Cape Colony
Batavia - Vicariate Apostolic of Batavia
Bath Abbey - The first religious house in Bath was a monastery of nuns founded by King Osric, A.D. 676
Bath and Wells - Ancient diocese coextensive with the county of Somerset, England
Bathe, William - Irishman, Jesuit, wrote educational books on music and language. He died in 1614
Bathilde, Saint - A runaway slave who became the wife of King Clovis II. Upon widowhood, she founded monasteries and proved herself a capable regent. She died in 680
Bathurst - Diocese situated in New South Wales, Australia, in the ecclesiastical Province of Sydney
Battaglini, Marco - A historian of the councils, b. at Rimini, Italy, 25 March, 1645; d. at Cesena, 19 September, 1717
Batteux, Charles - Abbe and writer on philosophy and aesthetics, b. near Vouziers, France, 6 May, 1713; d. at Paris, 14 July, 1780
Battista, Giovanni Giuda Giona - Original name, Jehuda Jona Ben-Isaac
Battle Abbey - Founded by William the Conqueror on the site of the Battle of Senlae or Hastings (1066)
Bauberger, Wilhelm - German physician, novelist, and poet, b. at Thannhausen in Swabian Bavaria, 3 March, 1809; d. at the same place, 8 February, 1883
Baudeau, Nicolas - Regular Canon and economist, b. at Amboise, France, 25 April, 1730; d. in 1792
Baudouin, Michel - Italian missionary born 1692. Entered the Society of Jesus in France at the age of twenty-one, arrived in Louisiana in 1728
Baumgartner, Alexander - Swiss poet and writer (1841-1910)
Baumgartner, Gallus Jacob - A Swiss statesman, b. 18 October, 1797, at Altstaetten, Switzerland; d. 12 July, 1869, at St. Gallen
Baunard, Louis - Educator, b. at Bellgarde (Loiret), France, in 1828
Bauny, Etienne - Theologian, b. in 1564 at Mouzon, Ardennes, France; d. 3 December, 1649, at Saint Pol de Leon
Bausset, Louis-François de - A French cardinal, writers, and statesman (1748-1824)
Bautain, Louis-Eugène-Marie - Philosopher and theologian (1796-1867)
Bautista, Fray Juan - Franciscan, who taught theology and metaphysics at the convent of St. Francis of Mexico
Bavaria, The Kingdom of - Named after the German tribe called Boiarii
Bawden, William - An English Jesuit, born at Cornwall, 1563; died at St.-Omer, 28 September, 1632
Bayer, Adèle - Eldest daughter of Andrew Parmentier, b. in Belgium, 4 July, 1814, and d. in Brooklyn, New York, 22 January, 1892
Bayeu y Subias, Francisco - Born at Saragossa, 9 March, 1734; died Madrid, 4 August, 1795, a distinguished religious and historical painter
Bayeux - Coextensive with the Department of Calvados, is suffragan to the Archbishopric of Rouen
Bayley, James Roosevelt - First Bishop of Newark, New Jersey, U.S.A.; eighth Archbishop of Baltimore, Maryland (1814-1877)
Baylon, Saint Pascal - Aragonese Franciscan lay brother, d. 1592
Bayma, Joseph - Jesuit mathematician and scientist (1816-1892)
Bayonne - Diocese comprising the Department of Basses-Pyrenees
Baysio, Guido de - An Italian canonist, b. about the middle of the thirteenth century of a noble Ghibelline family; d. at Avignon, 10 August, 1313
Bazin, John Stephen - Third Bishop of Vincennes (now the Diocese of Indianapolis) (1796-1848)
Beads, Use of, at Prayers - Essay on chaplets, rosaries, prayer ropes, prayer cords. Brief treatment of the use of beads in prayer by non-Christians
Beards - Among the Jews, as among most Oriental peoples, the beard was especially cherished as a symbol of virility; to cut off another man's beard was an outrage
Beardsley, Aubrey - Biography of the daring English illustrator
Beatific Vision - The immediate knowledge of God which the angelic spirits and the souls of the just enjoy in Heaven
Beatification and Canonization - According to some writers the origin in the Catholic Church is to be traced back to the ancient pagan apotheosis
Beatitudes, Mount of - Name given to the place where the 'Sermon on the Mount', was delivered
Beatitudes, The Eight - The solemn blessings which mark the opening of the Sermon on the Mount
Beaton, David - Cardinal, Archbishop of St. Andrews, b. 1494; d. 29 May, 1546
Beaton, James - Scottish Archbishop (1473-1539)
Beaton, James - Archbishop of Glasgow (1517-1603)
Beatrix - Brief biographies of seven saints or beatae named Beatrix or Beatrice. One of them, Beatrix da Silva, has since been canonized
Beaufort, Lady Margaret - Countess of Richmond and Derby, b. 1441; d. 1509, daughter and heiress of John Beaufort, first Duke of Somerset
Beaulieu Abbey - A Cistercian house in Hampshire, one of the three monasteries founded by King John (c. 1204) and peopled by thirty monks from Citeaux
Beaune, Renaud de - A French Bishop, b. in 1527, at Tours; d. 1606 in Paris
Beauregard, Jean-Nicolas - French pulpit orator (1733-1794)
Beauregard, Pierre Gustave Toutant - Soldier, b. near New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.A., 28 May, 1818; d. there 20 February, 1893
Beauvais - A suffragan diocese of the archiepiscopal See of Reims
Beauvais, Gilles-François-de - Jesuit writer and preacher, born at Mans, France, 7 July, 1693; died probably at Paris about 1773
Beauvais, Jean-Baptiste-Charles-Marie de - A French bishop, b. at Cherbourg, 17 October, 1731; d. at Paris, 4 April, 1790
Bébian, Roch-Amboise-Auguste - Sent to France, committed to the care of his godfather, the Abbe Sicard, the well-known educator of the deaf and dumb
Bec, Abbey of - The Benedictine Abbey of Bec, or Le Bec, in Normandy, was founded in the earlier part of the eleventh century by Herluin, a Norman knight who about 1031 left the court of Count Gilbert of Brionne to devote himself to a life of religion
Becan, Martin - Controversialist, born at Hilvarenbeck, Brabant, Holland, 6 January, 1563; died at Vienna, 24 January, 1624
Beccaria, Giovanni Battista - Physicist (1716-1781)
Beccus, John - Patriarch of Constantinople in the second half of the thirteenth century, one of the few Greek ecclesiastics who were sincerely in favour of reunion with the Church of Rome
Beche, Blessed John - Benedictine abbot. When Beche refused to grant that the king had any authority to confiscate St. John's Abbey, Colchester, he was thrown in the Tower on charges of treason. Though weak, he gained the crown of martyrdom in 1539
Beckedorff, George Philipp Ludolf von - Studied theology at Jena, then medicine at Goettingen, obtained the degree of doctor in 1799
Becker, Thomas Andrew - Sixth Bishop of Savannah, Georgia, U.S.A
Becket, Saint Thomas - Biography of this martyr, also known as St. Thomas of Canterbury, where he was archbishop and where he was murdered in 1170
Beckx, Pierre-Jean - Twenty-second General of the Society of Jesus, born at Sichem, Belgium, 8 February, 1795; died at Rome, 4 March, 1887
Becquerel, Antoine-César - French physicist, b. at Chatillon-sur-Loing (Loiret), 7 March, 1788; d. at Paris, 18 January, 1878
Bédard, Pierre - French-Canadian lawyer and member of the Assembly of Lower Canada, b. at Charlesbourg near Quebec, 13 November, 1762; d. at Three Rivers, 26 April 1829
Bede - The old English word bede (Anglo-Saxon bed) means a prayer, though the derivative form, gebed, was more common in this sense in Anglo-Saxon literature
Bede, The Venerable - Benedictine monk, priest, historian, Doctor of the Church, d. 735
Bedford, Gunning S. - Medical writer and teacher (1806-1870)
Bedford, Henry - Writer and educator (1816-1903)
Bedingfeld, Frances - Superioress of the English Institute of Mary (1616-1704)
Bedingfeld, Henry, Sir - Knight; b. 1509; d. 1583
Bedini, Cajetan - Italian Cardinal and diplomat (1806-1864)
Bedlam - A London hospital originally intended for the poor suffering from any ailment and for such as might have no other lodging, hence its name, Bethlehem, in Hebrew, the 'house of bread.'
Beelen, Ian Theodor - Exegete and Orientalist (1807-1884)
Beelphegor - The Moabite divinity who ruled over Phogor
Beelzebub - Provides an Old and a New Testament definition
Beesley, George, Venerable - English priest and martyr, died 1591
Beethoven, Ludwig van - Composer (1770-1827)
Begnudelli-Basso, Francesco Antonio - A canonist who lived at the end of the seventeenth century
Beguines & Beghards - As early as the commencement of the twelfth century there were women in the Netherlands who lived alone, and without taking vows devoted themselves to prayer and good works
Behaim, Albert von - Known also as Albertus Bohemus
Behaim, Martin - A German cartographer and navigator (1459-1507)
Beirut - In Phoenicia, a titular Latin see, and the residential see of several prelates of Oriental rites
Beja - Diocese in Portugal, suffragan of Evora
Belasyse, John - Born about 1614; died 1689, a loyal Catholic English nobleman, second son of Thomas first Lord Fauconberg. His mother was Barbara, daughter of Sir Henry Cholmondeley of Roxby, Yorkshire
Belchiam, Venerable Thomas - A Franciscan martyr in the reign of Henry VIII, date of birth uncertain; d. 3 August 1537
Belem do Pará, Archdiocese of - In South America, formerly (after 4 March, 1719) a suffragan diocese of Bahia (San Salvador), but raised to metropolitan rank 3 May, 1906
Belfry - The upper part of the tower or steeple of a church, for the reception of the bells; or a detached tower containing bells, as the campanile of the Italians
Belgium - Information on the history, education, and cemeteries of the country
Belgrade and Smederevo - Titular (united) sees of Servia
Belgrado, Giacopo - Italian Jesuit and natural philosopher (1704-1789)
Belial - Found frequently as a personal name in the Vulgate and various English translations of the Bible, is commonly used as a synonym of Satan, or the personification of evil
Belief - That state of the mind by which it assents to propositions, not by reason of their intrinsic evidence, but because of authority
Belin, Albert (Jean) - French prelate and writer, b. in Besancon early in the seventeenth century; d. 29 April, 1677
Bell, Altar - A small bell placed on the credence or in some other convenient place on the epistle side of the altar
Bell, Angelus - The triple Hail Mary recited in the evening, which is the origin of our modern Angelus, was closely associated with the ringing of a bell
Bell, Arthur, Venerable - Friar Minor and English martyr (1590-1643)
Bell, James - Ordained priest in Mary's reign, served the Established Church under Queen Elizabeth, but returned to the Catholic Church and became a missionary. He was martyred along with a layman, John Finch, in 1584
Bellamy, Jerome - A sympathizer with Mary Queen of Scots
Bellarini, John - Barnabite theologian, b. at Castelnuovo, Italy, in 1552; d. at Milan, 27 August, 1630
Bellarmine, St. Robert - Biographical article on the Jesuit theologian and cardinal
Bellasius, Edward - Serjeant-at-Law, b. 14 October, 1800; d. 24 January, 1873
Bellecius, Aloysius - Jesuit ascetic author, born at Freiburg im Breisgau, 15 February, 1704; died at Augsburg, 27 April, 1757
Bellenden, John - A Scotch poet, b. at Haddington or Berwick in the latter part of the fifteenth century; d. at Rome, c. 1587
Belleville - Diocese comprising part of southern Illinois
Belley - Coextensive with the civil department of Ain and a suffragan of the Archbishopric of Besancon
Bellings, Sir Richard - Irish historian, b. near Dublin early in the seventeenth century; d. in 1677
Bellini - Giacomo (Jacopo) Bellini, father of Gentile and Giovanni Bellini. Teacher of his sons who were the chief founders of the Venetian school of painting
Belloy, Jean-Baptiste de - Cardinal-Archbishop of Paris (1709-1808)
Bells - Article covers origin, benediction, uses, archaeology and inscriptions, and points of law
Belluno-Feltre - Anciently called Bellunum, the metropolis of the province of that name in Venetia, Italy, is situated on a hill between the torrent of Ardo and the River Piave
Belmont, François Vachon de - Fifth superior of the Sulpicians at Montreal, b. at Grenoble, France, 1645; d. 1732
Belson, Venerable Thomas - Brief profile of the English martyr, who was executed with George Nicols and Richard Yaxley in 1589
Belsunce de Castelmoron, Henri François Xavier de - Bishop of Marseilles (1671-1755)
Belzoni, Giambattista - An Egyptian explorer, b. at Padua, Italy, in 1778. d. Gato, Africa, 3 Dec., 1823
Belshazzar - The Greek and Latin name for Belshazzar, which is the Hebrew equivalent for Bel-sarra-usur, i.e., 'May Bel protect the king'
Bembo, Pietro - Italian scholar and Cardinal, b. of a noble family at Venice, 20 May, 1470; d. at Rome, 18 January, 1547
Benadir - Prefecture Apostolic in Africa
Bénard, Laurent - Chief founder of the Maurist Congregation of the Benedictine Order, b. at Nevers, 1573; d. at Paris, 1620
Benavides, Fray Alonzo - Archbishop of Goa in the Portuguese Indies
Bench, Communion - An adaptation of the sanctuary guard or altar rail
Benda - A titular see of Albania
Benedict I, Pope - A Roman and the son of Boniface, and was called Bonosus by the Greeks
Benedict II, Saint, Pope - A Roman, he was pope for a little less than eleven months, and died in 685. Account of his pontificate
Benedict III, Pope - Date of birth unknown; d. 17 April, 858
Benedict IV, Pope - A Roman and the son of Mammalus, became pope in the first half of 900
Benedict V, Pope - Date of birth unknown; died 4 July, 965
Benedict VI, Pope - Benedict, Cardinal-Deacon of St. Theodore, a Roman and the son of Hildebrand, was elected as the successor of John XIII
Benedict VII, Pope - Date of birth unknown; d. c. October, 983
Benedict VIII, Pope - The first of the Tusculan popes. Date of birth unknown; d. 9 April, 1024
Benedict IX, Pope - The nephew of his two immediate predecessors
Benedict X - The bearer of this name was an antipope in the days of Nicholas II, 1056-61
Benedict XI, Pope - Elected unanimously, author of Scriptural commentaries, d. 1304
Benedict XII, Pope - Third of the Avignon popes (1334-1342)
Benedict XIII, Pope - Reigned 1724-1730
Benedict XIV, Pope - Reigned 1740-58
Benedictbeurn, Abbey of - Tradition, as well as manuscripts dating as far back as the tenth century, ascribe its foundation in the year 740, to three brothers of noble birth, named Lanfrid, Wulfram, and Eliland, acting under the influence of St. Boniface, who was then preaching the Faith in Bavaria
Benedict Biscop, Saint - Anglo-Saxon, monastic founder, d. 690
Benedict Joseph Labre, Saint - Frenchman, longed to be a monk but spent the last thirteen years of his life as a pilgrim. He died in 1783
Benedict Levita - Benedict Levita (of Mainz), or Benedict the Deacon, is the name given to himself by the author of a forged collection of capitularies which appeared in the ninth century
Benedict of Aniane, Saint - St. Benedict was a Goth, served in the Frankish court, then became a Benedictine monk. His monastery of Aniane was the model for monastic reform in France and the Empire. He died in 821
Benedict of Nursia, Saint - Long article on the founder of Western monasticism, and on his Rule
Benedict, Medal of - A medal, originally a cross, dedicated to the devotion in honour of St. Benedict
Benedict, Rule of Saint - Lengthy article on the text of the Rule and its composition, some analysis, and practical application
Benedicti, Jean - A Franciscan theologian of the sixteenth century belonging to the Observantine Province of Tours and Poitiers
Benedictine Order - Comprises monks living under the Rule of St. Benedict, and commonly known as 'black monks'
Benedictional - A book containing a collection of benedictions or blessings in use in the Church
Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament - Description of the basics of this popular devotion. Benediction is unusual in that it is a devotional practice partly governed by liturgical law
Benedict of Peterborough - Abbot and writer, place and date of birth unknown; d. 1193
Benedict of San Philadelphio, Saint - Also known as Benedict the Moor. Born in Italy to Christian slaves from Ethiopia, St. Benedict joined an association of hermits, and when that was dissolved, became a Franciscan Recollect
Benedictus, The - One of the three great canticles in the opening chapters of this Gospel, the other two being the Magnificat and Nunc dimittis
Benedictus Polonus - A medieval Friar Minor missionary and traveller (c. 1245)
Benefice - Popularly the term is often understood to denote either certain property destined for the support of ministers of religion, or a spiritual office or function, such as the care of souls
Benefit of Clergy - The exemption from the jurisdiction of the secular courts, which in England, in the Middle Ages, was accorded to clergymen
Benettis, Jeremiah - Friar Minor Capuchin and historical writer, d. in 1774
Benevento, Archdiocese of - The principal city of the province of the same name in Campania
Bengtsson, Jöns Oxenstjerna - Archbishop of Upsala, Sweden, b. 1417; d. in 1467
Bengy, Anatole de - A martyr of the French Commune (1824-1871)
Benignus, Saint - Known as 'Patrick's psalm-singer,' Irish missionary, musician, bishop, legislator, d. 467
Benignus of Dijon, Saint - Third-century martyr
Benin - Vicariate Apostolic on the coast of Benin
Benjamin - The youngest son of Jacob born of Rachel
Benkert, Franz Georg - German theologian and historical writer (1790-1859)
Benno II - Bishop of Osnabrueck
Benoît, Michel - Born at Autun (or Dijon), France, 8 October, 1715; died at Peking, 23 October, 1774, a Jesuit scientist, for thirty years in the service of Kien Lung, Emperor of China
Benthamism - Article on Jeremy Bentham, English jurist and reformer. Features biographical information and a short bibliography
Bentivoglio, Family of - Originally from the castle of that name in the neighbourhood of Bologna, Italy. They claimed descent from Enzio (c. 1224-72), King of Sardinia, a natural son of Frederick II
Bentley, John Francis - English architect (1839-1902)
Bentney, William - An English Jesuit priest born in Cheshire, 1609; died 30 October, 1692
Benziger, Joseph Charles - Founder of the Catholic publishing house that bears his name (1762-1841)
Benzoni, Girolamo - Writer, born at Milan about 1519
Berach, Saint - A disciple of St. Kevin. Abbot of Cluain Coirpthe, now called Kilbarry or Termonbarry in the saint's honor. St. Berach died in 595
Berard of Carbio, Saint - Franciscan martyr, d. 1220
Berardi, Carbo Sebastiano - Canonist (1719-1768)
Bérault-Bercastel, Antoine Henri de - A writer of church history, b. 22 November, 1720, at Briey, Lorraine; d. about 1794 at Noyon, France
Bercharius, Saint - Abbot of Hautvillers, founder, stabbed to death by one of his monks in 696
Bercheure, Pierre - French Benedictine (1290-1362)
Berchmans, Saint John - Biography of this Jesuit, always pious, who died in 1621 at the age of 22
Berchtold, Blessed - Abbot of the Benedictine Monastery of Engelberg in Switzerland, died 1197
Berdini of Sarteano, Blessed Albert - Short biography of the Franciscan famed as a preacher
Berengarius of Tours - Born at Tours about 999; died on the island of St. Cosme, near that city, in 1088
Bérenger, Pierre - A French writer who flourished about the middle of the twelfth century
Berenice - A titular see of Egypt which was situated at the end of Major Syrtis where Bengazi stands today
Bergamo - The city, called by the ancients Bergonum, is capital of the province of that name in Lombardy
Bergen, Ancient See of - The diocese included the Provinces of Nordre and Sondre Bergenhus, and the district of Sondmor in the Province of Romsdal
Bergier, Nicolas-Sylvestre - French theologian (1715-1790)
Berin, Saint - Confessor, first Bishop of Dorchester, Apostle of Wessex, d. 650
Berington, Charles - Titular Bishop of Hiero-Caesarea, b. at Stock, Essex, England, 1748; d. 8 June, 1798
Berington, Joseph - Catholic writer (1743-1827)
Berisford, Humphrey - Confessor c. 1588
Berissa - A titular see of Pontus Polemoniacus, in Asia Minor
Beristain y Martin de Souza, José Mariano - Mexican bibliographer, b. in Puebla, Mexico, 22 May, 1756; d. at Mexico, 23 March, 1817
Berlage, Anton - Dogmatic theologian (1805-1881)
Berland, Pierre - Archbishop of Bordeaux (1375-1457)
Berlanga, Fray Tomás de - Bishop of Panama, b. at Berlanga in Spain, date uncertain; d. there 8 August, 1551
Berlin - Capital of the German Empire and of the Kingdom of Prussia
Berlioz, Hector - French composer (1803-1869)
Bernal, Agostino - Spanish theologian (1587-1642)
Bernard, Saint - Soldier, monk, abbot, Archbishop of Vienne, d. 842
Bernard, Alexis-Xyste - Bishop of St. Hyacinth
Bernard, Claude - French ecclesiastic (1588-1641)
Bernard, Claude - French physiologist (1813-1878)
Bernard Guidonis - Bishop and Inquisitor (1261-1331)
Bernard of Besse - Friar Minor and chronicler, a native of Aquitaine, date of birth uncertain
Bernard of Bologna - Friar Minor Capuchin and Scotist theologian, born at Bologna, 17 December, 1701; died 19 February, 1768
Bernard of Botone - Generally called Parmensis from his birthplace, Parma in Italy, a noted canonist of the thirteenth century
Bernard of Clairvaux, Saint - Article on the life and works of this twelfth-century Cistercian and Doctor of the Church
Bernard of Cluny - A Benedictine monk of the first half of the twelfth century, poet, satirist, and hymn-writer, author of 'On the Contempt of the World'
Bernard of Compostella - A canonist of the early thirteenth century
Bernard of Luxemburg - Dominican theologian, controversialist, and Inquisitor (d. 1535)
Bernard of Menthon, Saint - Archdeacon of Aosta, preacher, founder of two hospices for travelers in dangerous Alpine passes (now named the Great St. Bernard and Little St. Bernard, after him), d. 1008
Bernard of Pavia - Canonist and bishop (d. 1213)
Bernard Tolomeo, Saint - Italian hermit, monastic founder, d. 1348
Bernardine of Feltre, Blessed - Italian Franciscan missionary, died 1494. Of little note as an author. Best remembered for his monti di pieta, a type of charitable lender similar to pawnbrokers
Bernardine of Fossa, Blessed - Italian Franciscan, missionary, historian, biographer, d. 1503
Bernardine of Siena, Saint - Biography of the Franciscan missionary, reformer, popular preacher, peacemaker, called 'the Apostle of Italy,' who died in 1380
Bernardines, The - Title of certain sisters of the order of Citeaux who at the end of the sixteenth and in the seventeenth century, made energetic efforts to restore the primitive observance of their rule
Berne - Article provides religious and historic information
Berni, Francesco - An Italian comic poet, b. at Lamporecchio (Florence) 1497 or 1498; d. at Florence, 26 May, 1535
Bernier, Etienne-Alexandre - French Bishop (1762-1806)
Bernini, Domenico - Son of Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini
Bernini, Giovanni Lorenzo - Italian architect and sculptor (1598-1680)
Bernini, Giuseppe Maria - A Capuchin missionary and Orientalist, b. near Carignan in Piedmont; d. in Hindustan in 1753
Bernis, François-Joachim-Pierre de - A French cardinal and statesman, b. 1715 at Saint-Marcel-d'Ardeche; d. at Rome, 1794
Berno (Abbot of Reichenau) - Famous as orator, poet, philosopher, and musician, born (date unknown) at Prum near Trier; d. 7 June, 1048
Berno - Apostle of the Obotrites, in the latter half of the twelfth century
Bernold of Constance - Historian and theologian, b. in Swabia about 1054; d. at Schaffhausen, 16 September, 1100
Bernward, Saint - Bishop of Hildesheim, d. 1022
Beroea - A titular see of Macedonia, at the foot of Mount Bermios
Berosus - The name of a native historian of Babylonia and a priest of the great god Bel (Bel-Marduk)
Beroth - A city in Chanaan, one of the confederation of cities under the headship of Gabaon
Berrettini, Pietro - Italian painter, architect, and writer, b. at Cortona, in Tuscany, 1 November, 1596; d. at Rome, 16 May, 1669
Berruguete, Alonso - For his mastery of the arts of painting, sculpture, and architecture, sometimes called the Spanish Michelangelo, b. at Paredes de Nava, in Castile, about 1480; d. at Toledo, 1561
Berruyer, Isaac-Joseph - Entered the Society of Jesus in 1697. Wrote 'A History of the People of God,' published in three parts
Berryer, Pierre-Antoine - French advocate, orator, and statesman (1790-1868)
Bersabee - A town on the southern extremity of Palestine
Bertha - Brief biographies of five holy women of this name: two saints; two beatae; and one Bertha who is commonly called a saint but there is no evidence of a cultus surrounding her
Berthier, Guillaume-François - A Jesuit professor and writer, born at Issoudun, 1704; died at Bourges, 1782
Berthold - Bishop, Apostle of the Livonians, killed 24 July, 1198, in a crusade against the pagan Livonians who threatened destruction to all Christians that lived in their territory
Berthold of Chiemsee - German bishop and theological writer (1465-1543)
Berthold of Henneberg - Archbishop and Elector of Mainz, b. 1441; d. 21 December, 1504
Berthold of Ratisbon - Franciscan of the monastery of that city and the most powerful preacher of repentance in the thirteenth century, b. about 1210; d. at Ratisbon, 14 December, 1272
Berthold of Reichenau - Benedictine monk and chronicler of the Abbey of Reichenau on the Lake of Constance; d. probably in 1088
Berti, Giovanni Lorenzo - Italian theologian, b. 28 May, 1696, at Sarravezza, Tuscany; d. 26 March, 1766, at Pisa
Bertin, Saint - Monk living under the Rule of St. Columban, missionary to the Morini, monastic founder, abbot of St. Omer, d. about 709
Bertinoro - Anciently called Forum Truentinorum, and, at the time of the Gothic war, Petra Honorii, whence the present name, is a small city in Romagna, province of Forli, Italy
Bertonio, Ludovico - Italian missionary (1552-1625)
Bertrand, Louis, Saint - Spanish Dominican novicemaster and preacher, d. 1581
Bertrand, Pierre - Article covers a French Cardinal, theologian, and canonist, b. 1280 at Annonay in Vivarais, and a French cardinal, nephew of the foregoing, whose name he adopted, b. in 1279, at Colombier in Vivarais
Bertulf, Saint - Converted to Christianity from paganism, entered the monastery of Luxeuil under the Rule of St. Columban, became abbot of Bobbio, was staunchly anti-Arian, d. 639 or 640
Bérulle, Pierre de - Cardinal, and founder of the French congregation of the Oratory (1575-1629)
Bervanger, Martin de - A French priest, founder of charitable institutions (1795-1865)
Besançon - Archdiocese coextensive with the departments of Doubs, Haute-Saone, and the district of Belfort
Besange, Jerome Lamy, O.S.B - Born at Linz, 1726; died 1781
Beschefer, Theodore - Jesuit missionary in Canada (1630-1711)
Beschi, Costanzo Giuseppe - Though primarily a missionary, better know as one of the classical writers of Tamil literature (1680-1746)
Beseleel - Describes two people known by this name
Besoigne, Jérôme - A Jansenist writer, b. at Paris, 1686; d. 1763
Besoldus, Christopher - A German jurist and publicist (1577-1638)
Bessarion, Johannes - Article on this 15th-century Byzantine scholar, by U. Benigni
Bessel, Johann Franz - Benedictine, abbot, and historian (1672-1749)
Beste, Henry Digby - Miscellaneous author (1768-1836)
Bestiaries - Medieval books on animals, in which the real or fabulous characteristics of actually existent or imaginary animals (such as the griffin, dragon, siren, unicorn, etc.) were figuratively treated as religious symbols of Christ, the devil, the virtues and vices
Betanzos, Fray Domingo - A Dominican missionary, d. at Valladolid, Sept., 1549
Betanzos, Fray Pedro de - A Franciscan missionary, b. at Betanzos in Galicia; d. at Chomez, Nicaragua, 1570
Betanzos, Juan de - Composed the first catechism known in the Quichua language
Bethany - A village of Palestine
Bethany Beyond the Jordan - In the text of St. John's Gospel, i, 28, the author locates the event of Our Lord's baptism by St. John the Baptist at Bethany across the Jordan and there is herein a celebrated variant
Betharan - A city of the Amorrhites in the valley-plain east of the Jordan
Bethdagon - Name of two cities in Palestine
Bethel - An ancient Canaanitish town
Bethlehem - Titular see of Palestine
Bethlehem - Birthplace of Jesus
Bethlehem - An architectural term used in the Ethiopic Church for the oven or bakehouse for baking the Korban or Eucharistic bread
Bethlehemites - Military and hospitaller orders
Bethsaida - Details the city, pool, and titular see of this name
Bethsan - A city within Issachar, but assigned to Manasses, later Scythopolis, now the village Beisan
Bethulia - The city whose deliverance by Judith, when besieged by Holofernes, forms the subject of the Book of Judith
Betrothal - In the Catholic Church, a deliberate and free, mutual, true promise, externally expressed, of future marriage between determinate and fit persons
Bettiah - Prefecture Apostolic in northern India
Betting - Defined as the backing of an affirmation or forecast by offering to forfeit, in case of an adverse issue, a sum of money or article of value to one who, by accepting, maintains the opposite and backs his opinion by a corresponding stipulation
Beugnot, Auguste-Arthur, Count - French historian and statesman (1797-1865)
Beuno, Saint - Welsh, said to have been educated at Bangor and, after ordination, to have become a missionary. Abbot of Clynnog, and uncle of St. Winifred. Died perhaps in 660
Beverley Minster - A collegiate church at Beverley, capital of the East Riding of Yorkshire, served by a chapter of secular canons until the Reformation
Beyerlinck, Lawrence - Belgian theologian and ecclesiastical writer (1578-1627)
Bezae, Codex - Greek, New Testament manuscript
Bianchi, Giovanni Antonio - Friar Minor and theologian (1686-1768)
Bianchini, Francesco - A student of the natural sciences, and historian (1662-1729)
Bianchini, Giuseppe - Italian Oratorian, Biblical, historical, and liturgical scholar (1704-1764)
Bianconi, Charles - Merchant and philanthropist (1785-1875)
Biard, Pierre - Jesuit missionary, born at Grenoble, France, 1576; died at Avignon, 17 November, 1622
Bibbiena - Bernardo Dovizi, an Italian Cardinal and comedy-writer, known best by the name of the town Bibbiena, where he was born 4 Aug., 1470; d. at Rome, 9 Nov., 1520
Bibiana, Saint - Female Roman martyr, d. 483 at the latest. Also called Vibiana
Bible, The - A collection of writings recognized as inspired
Bible, Authenticity of the - The authority of Holy Writ is twofold on account of its twofold authorship: human authors and divine inspiration
Bible, Coptic Versions of the - At least parts of Scripture were translated into all four dialects of the Coptic language, though there is some debate about which of the Coptic versions is oldest
Bible, Editions of the - Includes Hebrew and Greek editions
Bible, Inspiration of the - Covered in four sections, I. Belief in Inspired books; II. Nature of Inspiration; III. Extent of Inspiration; IV. Protestant Views on the Inspiration of the Bible
Bible, Manuscripts of the - Manuscripts are written, as opposed to printed, copies of the original text or of a version either of the whole Bible or of a part thereof
Bible Societies - Established for the purpose of publishing and propagating the Bible in all parts of the world
Bibles, Picture - In the Middle Ages the Church made use of pictures as a means of instruction, to supplement the knowledge acquired by reading or oral teaching
Bibles, Rhymed - Short article on rhymed versions of the Bible, which are almost always psalters or only part of the Psalms
Bible, Versions of the - Article on versions of the Bible in the original languages and in translation. Grouped by source
Biblia Pauperum - A collection of pictures representing scenes from Jesus' life with the corresponding prophetic types
Biblical Accommodation - Covers what is meant by biblical accommodation, its use in Sacred Scripture, and the rules which ought to regulate its use
Biblical Antiquities - Details domestic, political, and sacred antiquities
Biblical Commission, The - A committee of cardinals at Rome who, with the assistance of consultors, have to secure the observance of the prescriptions contained in the Encyclical 'Providentissimus Deus' for the proper interpretation and defence of Sacred Scripture
Biblical Introduction - Designates the part of Scriptural science which is concerned with topics preliminary to the detailed study and correct exposition of Holy Writ, and also, it is given to a work in which these various topics are actually treated
Bickell, Gustav - Orientalist (1838-1906)
Bickerdike, Robert, Venerable - Short biography of the sixteenth-century martyr, a layman from Yorkshire
Bicknor, Alexander - Archbishop of Dublin, date of birth unknown; d. 1349
Bidermann, James - Poet and theologian (1578-1639)
Biel, Gabriel - Lengthy article on the last of the Scholastics. Biel, the first professor of theology at Tuebingen, was a nominalist. He died in 1495
Biella - The city of Biella, the see of the diocese of that name, is an important industrial centre (anciently called Bugelia) of Piedmont, Italy, in the province of Novara
Bielski, Marcin - Polish chronicler (1495-1575)
Bienville, Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne, Sieur de - French Governor of Louisiana and founder of New Orleans (1680-1767)
Bigamy (in Canon Law) - Canonically viewed, bigamy denotes (a) the condition of a man married to two real or interpretative wives in succession, and as a consequence (b) his unfitness to receive, or exercise after reception, tonsure, minor and sacred orders
Bigamy (in Civil Law) - In civil jurisprudence, and especially in criminal law, is a 'formal entering into of a marriage while a former one remains un-dissolved'
Bigne, Marguerin de la - French theologian and patrologist, b. about 1546 at Bernieres-le-Patry, Normandy; d. about 1595
Billart, Saint Julie - Biographical article on the founder of the Sisters of Notre Dame de Namur. She died in 1816
Billick, Eberhard - German theologian, opponent of the Reformation, born 1499 or 1500 at Cologne; died there 12 January, 1557
Billuart, Charles René - Dominican preacher, controversialist, and theologian (1685-1757)
Billy, Jacques de - French patristic scholar, theologian, jurist, linguist, and a Benedictine abbot (1535-1581)
Bilocation - Latin bis, twice, and locatio, place
Bination - The offering up of the Holy Sacrifice of the Mass twice on the same day by the same celebrant
Biner, Joseph - Canonist, historian, and theologian (1697-1766)
Binet, Etienne - Jesuit author, born at Dijon, France, 1569; died at Paris, 1639
Binet, Jacques-Philippe-Marie - French mathematician and astronomer (1786-1856)
Binius, Severin - Historian and critic (1573-1641)
Binterim, Anton Joseph - A theologian of repute and for fifty years parish priest of Bilk (1779-1855)
Biogenesis and Abiogenesis - According to their Greek derivation these two terms refer to the origin of life
Biology - The science on life and living organisms
Biondo, Flavio - Italian archaeologist and historian (1388-1463)
Biot, Jean-Baptiste - Physicist and mathematician (1774-1862)
Birds (in Symbolism) - The dove, eagle, pelican, phoenix, and peacock are included
Biretta - A square cap with three ridges or peaks on its upper surface, worn by clerics of all grades from cardinals downwards
Birinus, Saint - Confessor, first Bishop of Dorchester, Apostle of Wessex, d. 650
Birkowski, Fabian - Polish preacher, b. at Lemberg, 1566; d. at Cracow, 1636
Birmingham - One of the thirteen dioceses erected by the Apostolic Letter of Pius IX, 27 September, 1850, which restored a hierarchy to the Catholic church in England
Birnbaum, Heinrich - Carthusian monk, b. in 1403; d. 19 February, 1473
Birth, The Defect of - Illegitimacy, a canonical impediment to ordination
Birtha - A titular see of Osrhaene
Bisarchio, Diocese of - Situated in Sardinia, in the province of Sassari, district of Nuoro, and suffragan to the Archdiocese of Sassari
Biscop, Saint Benedict - Anglo-Saxon, monastic founder, d. 690
Bishop - The title of an ecclesiastical dignitary who possesses the fullness of the priesthood to rule a diocese as its chief pastor, in due submission to the primacy of the pope
Bishop, Auxiliary - A bishop deputed to a diocesan who, capable of governing and administering his diocese, is unable to perform the pontifical functions; or whose diocese is so extensive that it requires the labors of more than one; or whose episcopal see has attached to it a royal or imperial office requiring protracted presence at court
Bishop, William - The first superior in England in episcopal orders since the old hierarchy died out in the reign of Elizabeth, born c. 1553 at Brailes in Warwickshire, where his family continued to reside until recent times; d. 16 April, 1624
Bishop's Crook - The Pastoral Staff is an ecclesiastical ornament which is conferred on bishops at their consecration and on mitred abbots at their investiture, and which is used by these prelates in performing certain solemn functions
Bismarck, Diocese of - In North Dakota, this diocese was erected on 31 December, 1909, and is suffragan to the Archdiocese of St. Paul, Minnesota
Bisomus - A tomb large enough to contain two bodies
Black Fast, The - This form of fasting, the most rigorous in the history of church legislation, was marked by austerity regarding the quantity and quality of food permitted on fasting days as well as the time wherein such food might be legitimately taken
Blackburne, Robert - An English Catholic who suffered imprisonment in the closing years of the seventeenth, and during the earlier half of the eighteenth, centuries; died in 1748
Blackfoot Indians - An important tribe of the Northern Plains, constituting the westernmost extension of the great Algonquian stock
Blackwood, Adam - Author, b. at Dunfermline, Scotland, 1539; d. 1613
Blaise, Saint - Bishop of Sebaste, martyr, d. about 316
Blanc, Anthony - Fifth Bishop, and first Archbishop, of New Orleans, La., U.S.A (1792-1860)
Blanchard, Jean-Baptiste - French Jesuit and educator (1731-1797)
Blanchet, Franç Norbert - Missionary and first Archbishop of Oregon City, U.S.A (1795-1883)
Blanchet, Augustin Magloire - Brother of Francois Norbert Blanchet, first Bishop of Walla Walla-Nesqually, State of Washington, U.S.A (1797-1887)
Blandina, Saint - Virgin and martyr, d. at Lyons in 177
Blane, Saint - Nephew of St. Cathan. Blane studied in Ireland under SS. Comgall and Kenneth, became a monk, went to Scotland, became a bishop of the Picts, died 590
Blasphemy - Signifies etymologically gross irreverence towards any person or thing worthy of exalted esteem
Blastares, Matthew - A monk of the Order of St. Basil, living in the fourteenth century, who applied himself to the study of theology and canon law
Blathmac, Saint - Irish monk, martyred at Iona in about 835. In Latinized form, he is sometimes called Florentius. His life was written in Latin hexameter by Strabo
Blemmida, Nicephorus - A learned monk and writer of the Green Church, b. about 1198, at Constantinople; d. 1272
Blenkinsop - Details of four people with this name
Blessed, The - Beatification is a permission for public worship restricted to certain places and to certain acts
Blessed Sacrament, The - Since Christ is present under the appearances of bread and wine in a sacramental way, the Blessed Eucharist is unquestionably a sacrament of the Church
Blessed Sacrament, Congregation of the - A cloistered Dominican congregation devoted to the perpetual adoration of the Blessed Sacrament
Blessed Sacrament, Exposition of the - A manner of honouring the Holy Eucharist, by exposing it, with proper solemnity, to the view of the faithful in order that they may pay their devotions before it
Blessed Sacrament, Reservation of the - The practice of preserving after the celebration of the Liturgy a portion of the consecrated elements for the Communion of the sick or for other pious purposes. The extreme antiquity of such reservation cannot be disputed
Blessed Sacrament, Sisters of the - Founded in 1889 by Katharine Drexel
Blessed Sacrament, Visits to the - A devotional practice of relatively modern development, honoring the Real Presence of Christ
Blessed Virgin Mary, The - The Blessed Virgin Mary is the mother of Jesus Christ, the mother of God
Blessing - Aspects discussed are, I. Antiquity; II. Minister; III. Objects; IV. Efficacy; and V. Rite employed in administering
Blessing, Apostolic - The popes very often delegated to others the power to give this blessing in answer to petitions from princes, at the close of missions, and on such occasions
Blind, Education of the - Includes statistics and history
Blois - Coextensive with the civil department of Loir-et-Cher and a suffragan of Paris
Blomevenna, Peter - Carthusian, b. at Leyden, in Holland in 1466; d. 30 September, 1536
Blood Indians - A group of North American aborigines forming part of the Blackfeet Tribe, which, with the Apapahoes and Cheyennes, constitute the Western division of the Algonquin family
Blosius, François-Louis - A Benedictine abbot and spiritual writer, born at Donstienne, near Liege, Flanders, 1506; died at Liessies, 1566
Bluetooth, Harold - Son of King Gorm the Old of Denmark (911-986)
Blyssen, Heinrich - Principal work, 'De uno geminoque sacrae eucharistiae synaxeos salubriter percipiendae ritu ac usu' was published (Ingolstadt, 1585) when he was provincial of Austria
Blyth, Francis - English Carmelite, reviser of the Douay Bible, born c. 1705; d. in London, 11 December 1772
Bobadilla, Nicolaus - The last survivor of the seven first companions of Ignatius of Loyola (1511-1590)
Bobbio, Abbey and Diocese of - Suffragan to the Archiepiscopal See of Genoa
Bobola, Saint Andrew - Polish Jesuit priest and missionary, martyred in 1657
Boccaccino - Italian painter, b. at Cremona, 1460, and d. probably in 1525 rather than in 1518, the date usually given
Boccaccio, Giovanni - Biography and overview of the author's major works
Böcken, Placidus - A German Benedictine, canonist, and Vice-Chancellor of the University of Salzburg (1690-1752)
Bocking, Edward - English Benedictine, b. of East Anglian parentage, end of fifteenth century; d. 20 April, 1534
Bodey, Ven. John - Short biography of the English layman and martyr, who died in 1583
Bodin, Jean - Article by Georges Goyau. Notes the philosopher's relation to the political and religious order of his time
Bodone - A titular see of Albania
Boece, Hector - Chronicler and one of the founders of the University of Aberdeen, b. at Dundee c. 1465; d. 1536
Boeri, Petrus - A french benedictine canonist and bishop, b. during the first quarter of the fourteenth century at Laredorte
Boethius, Anicius Manlius Severinus - Article with a focus on Boethius as a theologian
Bogotá - Capital of the republic of Colombia
Bohemia - Crown province of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, which until 1526 was an independent kingdom
Bohemian Brethren - 'Bohemian Brethren' and 'Moravian Brethren' are the current popular designation of the Unitas Fratrum founded in Bohemia in 1457, renewed by Count Zinzendorf in 1722
Bohemians of the United States - Religious dissensions at the beginning of the seventeenth century induced many to leave their native country and cross the ocean
Boiano - Diocese in the province of Benevento, Italy, suffragan to the Archbishopric of Benevento
Boiardo, Matteo Maria - An Italian poet, b. about 1434, at, or near, Scandiano (Reggio-Emilia); d. at Reggio, 20 December, 1494
Boileau-Despréaux, Nicholas - French poet (1636-1711)
Boise - Diocese created by Leo XIII, 25 August, 1893
Boisgelin, Jean de Dieu-Raymond de Cucé de - French prelate and cardinal (1732-1804)
Boisil, Saint - Abbot of Melrose, renowned for prophetic gifts, taught St. Cuthbert. St. Boisil died in 664
Bois-le-Duc - Diocese lies within the Dutch province of Brabant, and is suffragan to Utrecht
Bokenham, Osbern - English Augustinian friar and poet, b. 1393, d. probably in 1447
Bolanden, Conrad von - A German novelist, son of a rich merchant, b. 9 August, 1828, at Niedergeilbach, a village of the Palatinate
Bolgeni, Giovanni Vincenzo - Theologian and controversialist (1733-1811)
Bolivia - Includes history, geography, education, church, and government information
Bollandists, The - An association of ecclesiastical scholars engaged in editing the Acta Sanctorum
Bollig, Johann - Orientalist, born near Dueren in Rhenish Prusia 23 August, 1821; died at Rome in 1895
Bologna - The principal city in the province of the same name, Italy
Bologna, Giovanni da - Flemish Renaissance sculptor, b. at Douai, in Flanders, about 1524; d. at Florence in 1608
Bologna, University of - A tradition of the thirteenth century attributed the foundation of this university to Theodosius II (433); but this legend is now generally rejected
Bolsec, Jérôme-Hermès - A theologian and physician, b. probably at Paris, date unknown; d. at Lyons c. 1584
Bolton, Edmund - Historian, antiquary, and poet, born c. 1575; died c. 1633
Bolzano, Bernhard - Austrian mathematician and philosopher, b. at Prague, 5 October, 1781; d. 18 December, 1848
Bombay - The Archdiocese of Bombay comprises the Island of Bombay with several outlying churches in the neighbouring Island of Salsette
Bommel, Cornelius Richard Anton van - Bishop of Liege, born at Leyden, in Holland on 5 April, 1790; died 7 April 1852
Bona, Giovanni - Cardinal and author (1609-1674)
Bonagratia of Bergamo - Friar Minor, theologian, and canonist, date of birth unknown; d. at Munich, 1343
Bonal, François de - Bishop of Clermont, b. 1734 at the castle of Bonal, near Agen; d. at Munich, 1800
Bonal, Raymond - French theologian and founder of the Congregation of the Priests of St. Mary
Bonald, Louis-Gabriel-Ambroise, Vicompte de - French statesman, writer, and philosopher (1754-1840)
Bonald, Louis-Jacques-Maurice de - Cardinal, b. at Millau, in Rouergue, 30 October, 1787, d. at Lyons, 25 Feb., 1870
Bona Mors Confraternity, The - Founded 1648, in the Church of the Gesu, by Father Vincent Carrafa, seventh General of the Society of Jesus, and approved by the Sovereign Pontiffs Innocent X and Alexander VII
Bonaparte, Charles-Lucien-Jules-Laurent - Prince of Canino and Musignano, and ornithologist (1803-1857)
Bonaventure, Saint - Biobibliographical essay on the Franciscan theologian and Doctor of the Church, d. 1274
Bonaventure, College of Saint - At Quaracchi, near Florence, Italy, famous as the centre of literary activity in the Order of Friars Minor, was founded 14 July, 1879, by Mgr. Bernardino del Vago, Archbishop of Sardis, then minister general of the order
Boncompagni, Balthasar - Italian mathematician (1821-1894)
Bonet, Juan Pablo - Spanish priest and one of the first to give attention to the education of the deaf and dumb, b. towards the end of the sixteenth century
Bonet, Nicholas - Friar Minor, theologian, and missionary, date of birth uncertain; d. 1360
Bonfrère, Jacques - Biblical scholar, born at Dinant, Belgium, 12 April, 1573; died at Tournai, 9 May, 1642
Boniface, Saint - Born Winfrid, a native of England, Benedictine monk, the Apostle of Germany, martyred in 755
Boniface I, Pope Saint - Consecrated the same day as the antipope Eulalius. Both were ordered to leave Rome. Eulalius took over St. John Lateran on Holy Saturday, after which the emperor refused to consider his claim. Boniface died in 422
Boniface II, Pope - Elected 17 September, 530; died October, 532
Boniface III, Pope - Roman elected to succeed Sabinian after an interregnum of nearly a year; he was consecrated 19 February, 607; d. 12 November of the same year
Boniface IV, Pope Saint - Transformed the Pantheon into a Christian church, died in 615
Boniface V, Pope - A Neapolitan who succeeded Deusdedit after a vacancy of more than a year; consecrated 23 December, 619
Boniface VI, Pope - A Roman, elected in 896 by the Roman faction in a popular tumult, to succeed Formosus
Boniface VII, Antipope - Roman and son of Ferrucius; was intruded into the Chair of St. Peter in 974; reinstalled 984; died July, 985
Boniface VIII, Pope - Born at Anagni about 1235; died at Rome, 11 October, 1303
Boniface IX, Pope - Elected at Rome, 2 November, 1389, as successor of the Roman Pope, Urban VI; d. there, 1 October, 1404
Boniface Association - The object of the association is to maintain what the Catholic church possesses in those regions where Catholics are few in number, to found and support missions and schools, and to erect churches, parish-houses, and schools for Catholics in the Protestant parts of Germany
Boniface of Savoy - Forty-sixth Archbishop of Canterbury and son of Thomas, Count of Savoy, date of birth uncertain; d. in Savoy, 14 July, 1270
Boni Homines - This name was popularly given to at least three religious orders in the Church
Bonizo of Sutri - Bishop of Sutri in Central Italy, in the eleventh century
Bonn, University of - An academy founded at Bonn in 1777 by Max Friedrich, Prince-Archbishop of Cologne
Bonnard, Ven. Jean Louis - Short biography of the French missionary priest and martyr, d. 1852
Bonnechose, Henri-Marie-Gaston Boisnormand de - Cardinal and senator, b. at Paris, 1800; d. 1883
Bonne-Espérance, The Abbey of - Situated near Binche, province of Hainault, Diocese of Tournai, Belgium
Bonner, Edmund - Bishop of London, b. about 1500; d. 1569
Bonnetty, Augustin - French writer, b. at Entrevaux 9 May, 1798, d. at Paris, 26 March, 1879
Bonosus - Bishop of Sardica, a heretic in the latter part of the fourth century
Bon Secours, Institutes of - Congregations of nursing sisters whose object is to take care of both rich and poor patients in their own homes
Bonvicino, Alessandro - Italian painter of the sixteenth century, born at Brescia about 1498; died at the same place, 1555
Book of Common Prayer - Includes history and contents
Book of Kells - An Irish manuscript containing the Four Gospels, a fragment of Hebrew names, and the Eusebian canons, known also as the 'Book of Columba'
Book of Martyrs, Foxe's - Protestant martyrology, from Wyclif to Cranmer, illustrated with woodcuts. The author was a controversialist sympathetic to John Knox
Books, Index of Prohibited - The exact list or catalogue of books, the reading of which was once forbidden to Catholics by the highest ecclesiastical authority
Bordeaux - Archdiocese; comprises the entire department of the Gironde and was established conformably to the Concordat of 1802
Bordeaux, University of - Founded during the English domination, under King Henry VI, in 1441
Bordone, Cavaliere Paris - Painter of the Venetian school (1500-1570)
Boré, Eugène - French Orientalist (1809-1878)
Borgess, Caspar Henry - Third Bishop of Detroit, Michigan (1824-1890)
Borgia, Stefano - Italian cardinal, theologian, antiquarian, and historian (1731-1804)
Börglum, Ancient See of - In Denmark, included the ancient districts of Vendsyssel and Thy
Borgo San-Donnino - Diocese in the province of Parma, Italy
Borgo San-Sepolcro - Diocese situated in the province of Arezzo, Tuscany, Italy
Borgognone, Ambrogio - Italian painter and architect, b. Milan, c. 1455, d. at Milan, 1523
Borie, Pierre-Rose-Ursule-Dumoulin - Short biography of the nineteenth-century French missionary priest and martyr
Borneo - Includes history of Dutch and British rule
Borras, Francisco Nicolás - Spanish painter, born at Cocentaina, 1530; died at Gandia, 1610
Borromeo, Andrea - An Italian missionary, born on the first half of the seventeenth century, at or near Milan; died in 1683
Borromeo, Saint Charles - Biographical article on the Archbishop of Milan, Cardinal, a leading light of the Catholic Reformation
Borromeo, Federico - Cardinal and Archbishop of Milan, cousin and successor of St. Charles Borromeo (1564-1631)
Borromeo, Society of Saint Charles - A German Catholic association for the encouragement and diffusion of edifying, instructive, and entertaining literature
Borromini, Francesco - Architect and sculptor; born 25 September, 1599, at Bissone; died by his own hand 1 August, 1667, at Rome
Borrus, Christopher - Missionary, mathematician, and astronomer (1583-1632)
Bosa, Diocese of - In the province of Cagliari
Bosch, Peter van der - Bollandist, born at Brussels, 19 October, 1686; died 14 November, 1736
Bosco, Saint Giovanni (John) - Commonly called Don Bosco or John Bosco. Founder of the Salesians, d. 1888
Boscovich, Ruggiero Giuseppe - Detailed article by Adolf Muller on the Jesuit mathematician and philosopher
Bosio, Antonio - Known as 'The Columbus of the Catacombs', b. in the island of Malta about the year 1576; d. 1629
Bosnia and Herzegovina - Together, form the northwestern corner of the Balkan Peninsula
Boso - First Bishop of Merseburg, in the present Prussian Province of Saxony, and Apostle of the Wends, d. November, 970
Boso (Breakspear) - Third English Cardinal, date of birth uncertain, d. at Rome, about 1181
Bossu, Jacques le - French theologian and Doctor of the Sorbonne, born at Paris 1546; died at Rome 1626
Bossuet, Jacques-Bénigne - French bishop and orator (1627-1704)
Boste, Saint John - Or John Boast. Priest, martyred at Durham in 1594. One of the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales
Boston - Archdiocese; comprises Essex, Middlesex, Suffolk, Norfolk, and Plymouth counties in the State of Massachusetts, U.S.A
Bostra - Titular see of Syria
Bothrys - A titular see situated in Phoenicia
Botticelli, Sandro - Florentine painter (1447-1510)
Botulph, Saint - Or Botolph. Founder and abbot of Icanhoe, d. about 680
Boturini Benaducci, Lorenzo - Native of Milan who went to Mexico in 1736 by permission of the Spanish government and remained there eight years, familiarizing himself with the Nahuatl or Mexican language
Boucher, Pierre - Born at Lagny, a village near Mortagne in the Perche, France, 1622, died at Boucherville, 1717
Bougaud, Louis-Victor-Emile - Bishop of Laval in France (1823-1888)
Bougeant, Guillaume-Hyacinthe - French Jesuit (1690-1743)
Bouhours, Dominique - French Jesuit author (1632-1702)
Bouillart, Jacques - Benedictine monk of the Congregation of St. Maur (1669-1726)
Bouillon, Cardinal de - French prelate and diplomat (1643-1715)
Bouix, Marie Dominique - French canonists (1808-1870)
Boulainvilliers, Henri, Count of - One of the first French historians to write the history of the institutions or fundamental laws of the nation (1658-1722)
Boulanger, André de - French monk and preacher, b. at Paris in 1578; d. 27 September, 1657
Boulay, César-Egasse du - French historian, b. in the beginning of the seventeenth century at Saint-Ellier; d. 16 October, 1678
Boulogne, Etienne-Antoine - French bishop, b. at Avignon, 26 December 1747; d. at Troyes, 13 March, 1825
Bouquet, Martin - Benedictine of the Congregation of St.-Maur (1685-1754)
Bouquillon, Thomas - Belgian theologian and professor of moral theology in the Catholic University of America (1840-1902)
Bourassé, Jean-Jacques - Archaeologist and historian (1813-1872)
Bourchier, Thomas - Cardinal, born 1406; died 1486
Bourdaloue, Louis - French Jesuit preacher (1632-1704)
Bourdeilles, Hélie de - Archbishop of Tours and Cardinal, b., probably, towards 1323; d. 5 July, 1484
Bourdon, Jean - First engineer-in-chief and land-surveyor in the colony of New France, and the first attorney-general of the Conseil Superieur (1612-1668)
Bourgade, François - French missionary and philosopher (1806-1866)
Bourges - Coextensive with the departments of Cher and Indre
Bourget, Ignace - First Bishop of Montreal and titular Archbishop of Marianopolis (1799-1885)
Bourgoing, François - Third Superior general of the Congregation of the Oratory in France and one of the en early companions of Cardinal de Berulle, the founder of the French Oratorians (1585-1662)
Bourke, Ulick Joseph - Irish scholar and writer (1829-1887)
Bourne, Gilbert - Last Catholic Bishop of Bath and Wells, England, son of Philip Bourne of Worcestershire, date of birth unknown; d. 10 Sept., 1569
Bouvens, Charles de - French pulpit orator, b. at Bourg in 1750; d. in 1830
Bouvet, Joachim - Jesuit missionary (d. 1732)
Bouvier, Jean-Baptiste - Bishop of Le Mans, theologian (1783-1854)
Bouvier, Jeanne-Marie, de La Motte-Guyon - Essay on the life, experiences, and teachings of this seventeenth-century French mystic
Bova - Situated in the civil province of Reggio, in Calabria, Italy, suffragan to the Archdiocese of Reggio
Bovino - Diocese in the province of Foggia, Italy, suffragan to the Archdiocese of Benevento
Bowyer, Sir George - Baronet, English writer on jurisprudence, as well as a prominent defender of the Holy See and of Catholic interests in general (1811-1883)
Boy-Bishop - The custom of electing a boy-bishop on the feast of St. Nicholas dates from very early times, and was in vogue in most Catholic countries, but chiefly in England
Boyce, John - Novelist, lecturer, and priest, well known under the assumed name of 'Paul Peppergrass' (1810-1864)
Boycotting - Practice named after Captain Boycott, against whom this form of ostracism had great effect
Boyle Abbey - Irish Cistercian house
Bracken, Thomas - Poet, journalist, politician (1843-1898)
Bracton, Henry de - English juridical writer, born probably in King John's reign and died about four years before the close of that of Henry III
Bradley, Denis Mary - First Bishop of Manchester, New Hampshire, U.S.A (1846-1903)
Bradshaigh, Edward - An English Carmelite friar known in religion as Elias a Jesu; b. in Lancashire, England, early in the seventeenth century; d. at Benfold, 25 September, 1652
Bradshaw, Henry - English Benedictine and poet, b. in the City of Chester, England, date unknown; d. 1513
Brady, William Maziere - Ecclesiastical writer, b. in Dublin, 8 January, 1825; d. in Rome, 19 March, 1894
Braga, Archdiocese of - Situated between the rivers Este and Cavado, in the province of Minho, in the Kingdom of Portugal
Braga, Councils of - Offers details of several councils held here
Bragança-Miranda, Diocese of - Situated in the northeastern part of the Kingdom of Portugal, in the civil province of Tras-os-Montes
Brahminism - Religion and social system which grew out of the polytheistic nature-worship of the ancient Aryan conquerors of northern India
Braille, Louis - French educator and inventorof the system of writing in raised or relief points for the blind (1809-1852)
Bralion, Nicolas de - French Oratorian and ecclesiastical writer, born at Chars-en-Vexin, France, c. 1600; died at Paris, 11 May 1672
Bramante, Donato - Italian architect and painter, b. about 1444 at Monte Asdrualdo; d. in Rome, 11 March, 1514
Brancaccio - An ancient and illustrious Neapolitan family, from which the 'Brancas' of France were descended
Brancati, Francesco - Jesuit missionary to China (1607-1671)
Brancati di Lauria, Francesco Lorenzo - Cardinal, Minor conventual, and theologian (1612-1693)
Branch Sunday - One of the medieval English names for Palm Sunday
Brandenburg - Formerly an electoral principality, and a diocese in the heart of the present Kingdom of Prussia
Branly, Edouard - Nineteenth century French physicist
Brant, Sebastian - Short biography of the German humanist and poet
Brantôme, Seigneur de Bourdeille, Pierre de - French writer of memoirs, b. in 1539, or a little later; d. 15 July, 1614
Brasses, Memorial - Earliest existing dated examples are of the thirteenth century
Brasseur de Bourbourg, Charles Etienne, Abbé - Born at Bourbourg, France, 1814; died at Nice in January, 1874
Brassicanus, Johann Alexander - German humanist, born probably at Cannstatt, 1500; died at Vienna, 25 November, 1539
Brassicanus, Johann Ludwig - Younger brother of Johann Alexander, went to Vienna with his brother in 1524 and likewise won distinction both as a philologist and jurist
Braulio, Saint - Bishop of Saragossa, hagiographer, friend of St. Isidore of Seville. St. Braulio died in about 651
Braun, Placidus - Bavarian historian (1756-1829)
Braunschweig - A duchy situated in the mountainous central part of Northern Germany, comprising the region of the Harz mountains
Bravo, Francisco - As far as known, author of the first book on medicine printed in America
Brazil - Information includes history, religion, climate, education, and economy
Bread, Liturgical Use of - In the Christian liturgy bread is used principally as one of the elements of the Eucharistic sacrifice
Breadboxes, Altar - Made of wood, tin, britannia, silver, or other metal. A round flat weight, covered if necessary with silk or linen, and having a knob on top, so as to be easily taken hold of, is placed on the breads
Breads, Altar - Bread is one of the two elements absolutely necessary for the sacrifice of the Eucharist
Breast, Striking of the - A liturgical act prescribed in the Holy Sacrifice of the Mass
Brébeuf, Jean de - Biographical article on the Jesuit missionary and martyr
Breda - Diocese situated in the Dutch province of Brabant and suffragan of Utrecht
Bréhal, Jean - French Dominican theologian of the convent of Evreux; died c. 1479
Brehon Laws, The - Term for Irish native law, as administered in Ireland down to almost the middle of the seventeenth century
Bremen - Formerly the seat of an archdiocese situated in the northwestern part of the present German Empire
Brenach, Saint - Fifth-century Irish missionary to Wales and a contemporary of St. Patrick
Brenan, Michael John - Irish Church historian (1780-1847)
Brendan, Saint - Article on St. Brendan of Ardfert and Clonfert, also known as Brendan the Voyager. Monastic founder, d. 577. About half of the article is devoted to St. Brendan's famous voyage
Brentano, Klemens Maria - German poet (1778-1842)
Brescia - The Diocese takes its name from the principal city in the province of the same name in Lombardy, between the Mella and the Naviglio
Breslau - Prince-Bishopric seated at Breslau, on the River Oder in the Prussian Province of Silesia
Bressani, Francesco Giuseppe - Italian missionary to the Indians (1612-1672)
Brest, Union of - 1596. The union of the Ruthenians with Catholicism
Brethren of the Lord, The - A group of persons closely connected with the Saviour appears repeatedly in the New Testament under the designation 'his brethren' or 'the brethren of the Lord'
Breton, Raymond - French missionary among the Caribbean Indians (1609-1679)
Bretton, Venerable John - Also called John Bretton. Short biography of the layman and martyr
Breviary - Evolution of the book, or set of books, containing the texts and rubrics of the canonical hours
Breviary, Aberdeen - Described as the Sarum Office in a Scottish form
Breviary, Reform of the Roman - Article on the 1911-1913 revamping of the breviary so as to allow recitation of all of the Psalter each week. Feasts were also ranked according to liturgical importance, and some offices were no longer obligatory or were even suppressed
Brewer, Heinrich - German historian, born at Puffendorf in Germany, 6 September, 1640; died at the same place about 1713
Briand, Joseph Olivier - Seventh Bishop of Quebec, b. in 1715 at Plerin, Brittany; d. 25 June, 1794
Briant, Saint Alexander - English Jesuit priest and martyr. He was scarcely over 25 when martyred in 1581
Bribery - The payment or the promise of money or other lucrative consideration to induce another, while under the obligation of acting without any view to private emolument, to act as the briber shall prescribe
Briçonnet - Includes three people with this name
Bridaine, Jacques - Preacher, b. at Chusclan, France, 21 March, 1701; d. at Roquemaure, 22 December, 1767
Bridge-Building Brotherhood, The - During the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, various religious associations were founded for the purpose of building bridges
Bridget of Sweden, Saint - Biography of the mother of 8, widow, visionary, founder of the Brigittines
Bridgett, Thomas Edward - Priest and author (1829-1899)
Bridgewater, John - Known also as Aquapontanus, historian of the Catholic confessors under Queen Elizabeth, born in Yorkshire about 1532; died probably at Trier, about 1596
Bridgewater Treatises - These publications derive their origin and their title from the Rev. Francis Henry Egerton, eighth and last Earl of Bridgewater
Briefs and Bulls - A bulla was originally a circular plate or boss of metal, so called from its resemblance in form to a bubble floating upon water
Brieuc, Saint - Celtic monk and priest, companion of St. Iltud. Brieuc died in about 502
Brigid of Ireland, Saint - Biography. Monastic founder, abbess of a double monastery, friend of St. Patrick. St. Brigid died in 525
Brigidines, Institute of the - Established by Most Rev. Dr. Delaney, Bishop of Kildare and Leighlin, at Tullow, Co. Carlow, Ireland, in 1807
Brigittines - Founded in 1346 by St. Brigit, or Bridget, of Sweden at Vadstena in the Diocese of Linkoeping
Brignon, John - Member of the Society of Jesus. Born at St. Malo in 1629; died at Paris, 12 June, 1712
Bril, Paulus - Flemish painter and engraver, born at Antwerp, 1556; died in Rome, 7 October, 1626
Brillmacher, Peter Michael - Born at Cologne in 1542, died at Mainz, 25 August, 1595
Brindholm, Ven. Edmund - Martyr and parish priest of Our Lady's Church at Calais, accused of being concerned in a plot to betray Calais to the French
Brindisi - Called by the Romans Brundusium or Brundisium, by the Greeks Brentesion, a city of in the province of Lecce, in Apulia, on a rocky peninsula which extends into the Adriatic
Brinkley, Stephen - Confessor of the Faith, imprisoned and tortured as manager of a secret press for the publication of devotional and controversial works in the reign of Queen Elizabeth
Brisacier, Jacques-Charles de - Orator and ecclesiastical writer, b. at Bourges in 1641, d. at Paris, 23 March, 1736
Brisacier, Jean de - Controversialist, b. at Blois, France, 9 June, 1592; entered the Society of Jesus in 1619, d. at Blois, 10 September, 1668
Brisbane - Provides history and religious statistics
Brischar, Johann Nepomucene - Church historian, born at Horb in Wuertemberg in 1819, studied theology at the University of Tübingen, was appointed parish priest of Buhl near Rottenburg in 1853, where he died in 1897
Bristol, Ancient Diocese of - This English diocese, which takes its very origin from measures directed against the Church, has a very brief Catholic history, for it only had one bishop acknowledged by the Holy See
Bristow, Richard - Born at Worcester, 1538, died at Harrow-on the-Hill, 1581
British Columbia - The westernmost province of the Dominion of Canada
Britius, Francis - An orientalist, and a monk of Rennes in Brittany; date of birth and death unknown
Brittain, Thomas Lewis - Born near Chester, England, 1744; died at Hartpury Court, 1827
Britto, Blessed John de - Portuguese Jesuit missionary to India, martyr, d. 1693
Britton, Venerable John - Also called John Bretton. Short biography of the layman and martyr
Brixen - Includes history and statistics
Brogan, Saint - Article discusses several saints of this name
Broglie, Auguste-Théodore-Paul de - Abbe, professor of apologetics at the Institut Catholique at Paris, and writer on apologetic subjects (1834-1895)
Broglie, Jacques-Victor-Albert, Duc de - French statesman and historian (1821-1901)
Broglie, Maurice-Jean de - Born in Paris, 5 September, 1766; d. there, 20 June, 1821
Brogny, Jean-Allarmet de - French Cardinal (1342-1426)
Bromyard, John - Theologian, d. about 1390
Brondel, John Baptist - First Bishop of Helena, Montana, U.S.A (1842-1903)
Brookby, Anthony - Friar Minor and English martyr, died 19 July 1537
Brookes, James - Last Catholic Bishop of Gloucester, England (1512-1560)
Brooklyn - Comprises the counties of Kings, Queens, Nassau, and Suffolk, or all of Long Island, in the State of New York, U.S.A
Brosse, Jean-Baptiste de la - A Jesuit missionary, born 1724 at Magnac, Angoumois, France; died 1782
Brothers Hospitallers of St. John of God - The founder of this religious institution, was born 8 March, 1495, at Montemor Novo, in Portugal
Broughton, Richard - Catholic priest and antiquary, claiming descent from the Broughtons of Lancashire
Brouwer, Christoph - Historian (1559-1617)
Brown, William - A naval officer of the Republic of Argentina (1777-1857)
Browne, Charles Farrar - Humorist, b. at Waterford, Oxford County, Maine, U.S.A., 26 April, 1834; d. in Southampton, England, 6 March, 1867
Brownson, Orestes Augustus - Philosopher, essayist, reviewer, b. at Stockbridge, Vermont, U.S.A., 16 September, 1803; d. at Detroit, Michigan, 17 April, 1876
Brownson, Sarah - Writer, daughter of Orestes A. Brownson, b. at Chelsea, Massachusetts, 7 June, 1839; married William J. Tenney, 26 November, 1873; died at Elizabeth, 30 October, 1876
Brownsville - Vicariate Apostolic, erected 1874
Bru, Saint - Celtic monk and priest, companion of St. Iltud. Brieuc died in about 502
Brück, Heinrich - Ecclesiastical historian and bishop, born at Bingen, 25 October, 1831; died 4 November, 1903
Bruel, Joachim - A theologian and historian, born early in the seventeenth century at Vorst, a village of the province of Brabant, Belgium, died 29 June, 1653
Brueys, David-Augustin de - French theologian and dramatic author, born at Aix in 1640; died 25 November, 1723, at Montpellier
Brugère, Louis-Frédéric - Professor of apologetics and church history, born at Orleans (1823-1888)
Bruges - The chief town of the Province of West Flanders in the Kingdom of Belgium
Brugière, Pierre - A French priest, Jansenist, and juror (1730-1803)
Brugman, John - A renowned Franciscan preacher of the fifteenth century
Brumidi, Constantino - An Italian-American historical painter, celebrated for his fresco work in the Capitol at Washington (1805-1880)
Brumoy, Pierre - French Jesuit humanist (1704-1742)
Brunellesco, Filippo - An architect and sculptor, born at Florence, 1377; died there 16 April, 1446
Brunetière, Ferdinand - French critic and professor, born at Toulon, 19 July, 1849; died at Paris, 9 December, 1906
Brunforte, Ugolino - Friar Minor and chronicler, born c. 1262; died c. 1348
Bruni, Leonardo - Article by Edmund Burke, summarizing the humanist's life and career
Brünn - Suffragan diocese of the Archdiocese of Olmutz, embracing the south-western part of Moravia
Brunner, Francis de Sales - Founder of the Swiss-American congregation of the Benedictines (1795-1859)
Brunner, Sebastian - A versatile and voluminous writer (1814-1893)
Bruno, Saint - Bishop of Segni, reformer, Benedictine abbot, author of commentaries on Scripture, d. 1123
Bruno, Saint - Biographical article on the founder of the Carthusians
Bruno, Giordano - Italian philosopher (1548-1600)
Bruno of Querfurt, Saint - Courtier, monk, missionary archbishop, hagiographer, martyr. Called the Second Apostle of the Prussians
Bruno the Saxon - German chronicler of the eleventh century and author of the 'Historia de Bello Saxonico'
Brunswick - A duchy situated in the mountainous central part of Northern Germany, comprising the region of the Harz mountains
Brus, Anton - Archbishop of Prague (1518-1580)
Brusa - A titular see of Bithynia in Asia Minor
Brussels - Capital of the Kingdom of Belgium
Bruté de Rémur, Simon William Gabriel - First Bishop of Vincennes, Indiana, (now Indianapolis) (1779-1839)
Bruyas, Jacques - French missionary to the Iroquois (1635-1712)
Bryant, John Delavau - Physician, poet, author, and editor (1811-1877)
Bubastis - A titular see of Lower Egypt
Bucelin, Gabriel - Benedictine historical writer (1599-1681)
Bucer, Martin - One of the leaders in the South German Reformation movement (1491-1551)
Bucharest - Comprises the Kingdom of Rumania
Buck, Victor De - Bollandist (1817-1876)
Buckfast Abbey - Foundation date unknown, but long before the Norman Conquest
Buckley, Venerable John - Alias John Jones. Welsh Franciscan priest, martyred at Tyburn in 1598
Buckley, Sir Patrick Alphonsus - Irish soldier, lawyer, statesman, and judge (1841-1896)
Buddhism - The religious, monastic system, founded c. 500 B.C. on the basis of pantheistic Brahminism
Budé, Guillaume - Article by M. de Moreira, reviewing the key points of this thinker's career
Budweis - A diocese situated in Southern Bohemia, suffragan to the Archdiocese of Prague
Buenos Aires - The federal capital of the Argentine Republic
Buffalo - Diocese established 23 April, 1847 in the state of New York
Buffier, Claude - Philosopher and author (1661-1737)
Buglio, Louis - Jesuit missionary to China (1606-1682)
Buil, Bernardo - Spanish Franciscan
Buildings, Ecclesiastical - This term comprehends all constructions erected for the celebration of liturgical acts, whatever be the name given to them, church, chapel, oratory, and basilica
Bukarest - Comprises the Kingdom of Rumania
Bulgaria - A European kingdom in the northeastern part of the Balkan Peninsula
Bulla Aurea - A fundamental law of the Holy Roman Empire; probably the best known of all the many ordinances of the imperial diet
Bullaker, Ven. Thomas - Hagiography of the English Franciscan priest, martyred in 1642
Bullarium - A term commonly applied to a collection of bulls and other analogous papal documents
Bull-Fight, The Spanish - Includes details of three kinds of bull-fights: (1) caballerescas, (2) populares, and (3) gladiatorias
Bullion, Angélique - Born in Paris, at commencement of the seventeenth century. An unknown benefactress of several charities
Bulls and Briefs - A bulla was originally a circular plate or boss of metal, so called from its resemblance in form to a bubble floating upon water
Bulstrode, Sir Richard - A soldier, diplomatist, and author, born 1610; died 1711
Bunderius, Joannes - Flemish theologian and controversialist (1482-1557)
Buonarroti, Michelangelo - Italian sculptor, painter, and architect (1475-1564)
Burchard of Basle - Belonged to the family of the counts of Neuenburg, or Neuchatel, was born towards the middle of the eleventh century, and died 12 April, 1107
Burchard of Worms - Bishop of that see, born of noble parents in Hesse, Germany, after the middle of the tenth century; died 20 August, 1025
Burchard of Würzurg, Saint - First bishop of Wuerzburg, d. about 754
Burckmair, Hans - Painter of the Swabian school (1473-1531)
Burgis, Edward Ambrose - Dominican historian and theologian (1673-1747)
Burgoa, Francisco - Historical and geographical writer. Born at Oaxaca about 1600; d. at Teopozotlan in 1681
Burgos - Since the tenth century an episcopal see of Spain, to which in the eleventh century the ancient Sees of Oca and Valpuesta were transferred
Burgundy - In medieval times respectively a kingdom and a duchy, later a province of France
Burial, Christian - The interment of a deceased person with ecclesiastical rites in consecrated ground
Buridan, Jean - French scholastic philosopher of the fourteenth century, b. at Bethune, in the district of Atois towards the end of the thirteenth century; date of death unknown
Burigny, Jean Lévesque de - Historian, b. at Reims, 1692; d. at Paris, 1785
Burkard, Franz - The name of two celebrated German jurists
Burke, Edmund - First Vicar Apostolic of Nova Scotia (1753-1820)
Burke, Thomas - Bishop of Ossory, b. at Dublin, Ireland, about 1709; d. at Kilkenny, 25 September, 1776
Burke, Thomas Nicholas - Dominican orator (1830-1882)
Burleigh, Walter - Friar Minor and medieval philosopher, b. in 1275 and d. in 1337
Burlington - Diocese established 14 July, 1853; comprises the whole State of Vermont, U.S.A
Burma - Before its annexation by the British, Burma consisted of the kingdoms of Ava and Pegu
Burnett, Peter Hardeman - First American Governor of California (1807-1895)
Burns, James - Publisher and author (1808-1871)
Burse - A receptacle in which, for reasons of convenience xnd reverence, the folded corporal is carried to and from the altar
Bursfeld, The Abbey of - One of the most celebrated Benedictine monasteries in Germany in the Middle Ages. Founded in 1093 by Duke Henry of Nordheim and his wife Gertrude
Bury St. Edmund's, The Abbey of - The first religious foundation there was established by Sigebert, King of the East Angles, who resigned his crown to found a monastery about 537
Bus, Venerable César de - Priest, founder of two religious congregations dedicated to teaching Christian doctrine, died 1607
Busée, Pierre - Jesuit theologian (1540-1587)
Busembaum, Hermann - Jesuit moral theologian (1600-1668)
Busiris - A titular see taking its title from one of the many Egyptian cities of the same name
Buskins - Ceremonial stockings of silk, sometimes interwoven with gold threads, and even heavily embroidered, worn by the celebrant of a pontifical Mass
Buss, Franz Joseph, Ritter von - Jurist, b. 23 March, 1803 at Zell in Baden; d. 31 January, 1878, at Freiburg im Breisgau
Bustamante, Carlos María - Mexican statesman and historian (1774-1848)
Buston, Thomas Stephen - Jesuit missionary and author (1549-1619)
Bute, John Patrick Crichton-Stuart, Third Marquess of - Born at Mountstuart, Bute, 12 September, 1847; d. at Dumfries House, Ayrshire, 9 October, 1900
Buteux, Jacques - French Jesuit missionary in Canada (1600-1652)
Butler, Alban - Seventeenth-century English Catholic
Butler, Charles - English lawyer (1750-1832)
Butler, Mary Joseph - Irish Abbess (1641-1723)
Butler, Sir William Francis - Irish general and writer (1838-1910)
Buttress - A pilaster, pier, or body of masonry projecting beyond the main face of the wall and intended to strengthen the wall at particular points
Buxton, Ven. Chrisopher - Priest who was martyred at Canterbury in 1588, together with Robert Wilcox and Edward Campion
Byblos - Titular see of Phoenicia
Bye-Altar - An altar that is subordinate to the central or high altar
Byllis - Titular see of Albania
Byrd, William - Article examining life, sacred and secular music, and related composers
Byrne, Andrew - Bishop of Little Rock, Arkansas (1802-1862)
Byrne, Richard - U.S. Civil War hero (1832-1864)
Byrne, William - Missionary and educator (1780-1833)
Byzantine Architecture - A mixed style, i.e. a style composed of Graeco-Roman and Oriental elements which, in earlier centuries, cannot be clearly separated
Byzantine Art - The art of the Eastern Roman Empire and of its capital Byzantium, or Constantinople
Byzantine Empire, The - Term employed to designate the Eastern survival of the ancient Roman Empire
Byzantine Literature - The four cultural elements included are the Greek, the Christian, the Roman, and the Oriental
Byzantine Rite - The Liturgies, Divine Office, forms for the administration of sacraments and for various blessings, sacramentals, and exorcisms, of the Church of Constantinople