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Eadmer - Precentor of Canterbury and historian
Eanbald I - The first Archbishop of York by that name
Eanbald II - Date of birth unknown; died 810 or 812
East Indies, Patriarchate of the - In consequence of an agreement between the Holy See and the Portuguese Government in 1886
Easter - Includes information on the feast and customs
Easter Controversy - The dispute regarding the proper time of observing Easter
Eastern Churches - Eastern Churches depended originally on the Eastern Empire at Constantinople
Eastern Schism - From the time of Diotrephes (III John 1:9-10) there have been continual schisms, of which the greater number were in the East
Easterwine - Abbot of Wearmouth, nephew of St. Benedict Biscop; born 650, died 7 March, 686
Easton, Adam - Cardinal, born at Easton in Norfolk; died at Rome, 15 September (according to others, 20 October), 1397
Eata, Saint - Second bishop of Hexham, d. 686
Ebbo - Archbishop of Reims, b. towards the end of the eighth century; d. 20 March, 851
Ebendorfer, Thomas - German chronicler, professor, and statesman, b. 12 August, 1385, at Haselbach, in Upper Austria; d. at Vienna, 8 Jan., 1464
Eberhard, Matthias - Bishop of Trier, b. 15 Nov., 1815, at Trier (Germany), d. there 30 May, 1876
Eberhard of Ratisbon - A German chronicler about the beginning of the fourteenth century
Ebermann, Veit - Theologian and controversialist, born 25 May, 1597, at Rendweisdorff, in Bavaria; died 8 April, 1675
Ebionites - Two varieties: the earlier group called Ebionites denied the divinity of Christ; the later Ebionites were a Gnostic sect who believed that matter was eternal and was God's body
Ebner - The name of two German mystics
Ecclesiastes - The name given to the book of Holy Scripture which usually follows the Proverbs; the Hebrew Qoheleth probably has the same meaning
Ecclesiastical Addresses - Rules as to what is fitting and customary in the matter of ecclesiastical correspondence
Ecclesiastical Architecture - All ecclesiastical architecture may be said to have been evolved from two distinct germ-cells, the oblong and the circular chamber
Ecclesiastical Archives - A collection of documents, records, and memorials, pertaining to the origin, foundation, growth, history, and constitutions of a diocese, parish, monastery, or religious community under the jurisdiction of the Church
Ecclesiastical Art - Article explores the origin, history, and types
Ecclesiastical Buildings - This term comprehends all constructions erected for the celebration of liturgical acts, whatever be the name given to them, church, chapel, oratory, and basilica
Ecclesiastical Forum - Ecclesiastical jurisdiction is distinguished into that of the internal and external forum
Ecclesiasticus - The longest of the deuterocanonical books of the Bible, and the last of the Sapiential writings in the Vulgate of the Old Testament
Eccleston, Samuel - Fifth Archbishop of Baltimore, U.S.A (1801-1851)
Eccleston, Thomas of - Thirteenth-century Friar Minor and chronicler
Echard, Jacques - Historian of the Dominicans, born at Rouen, France, 22 September, 1644; died at Paris, 15 March, 1724
Echave, Baltasar de - Painter, born at Zumaya, Guipuzcoa, Spain, in the latter part of the sixteenth century; died in Mexico about the middle of the seventeenth
Echinus - A titular see of Thessaly, Greece
Echternach, Abbey of - A Benedictine monastery in the town of that name, in the Grand Duchy of Luxemburg and the Diocese of Trier
Echter von Mespelbrunn, Julius - Prince-Bishop of Wuerzburg, b. 18 March, 1545, in the Castle of Mespelbrunn, Spessart (Bavaria); d. 13 Sept., 1617, at Wuerzburg
Eck, Johann - Theologian and principal adversary of Luther. Detailed profile by J.P. Kirsch
Eckart, Anselm - Missionary, born at Bingen, Germany, 4 August, 1721; died at the College of Polstok, Polish Russia, 29 June, 1809
Eckebert - Abbot of Schoenau, born in the early part of the twelfth century
Eckhart, Johann Georg von - German historian, b. at Duingen in the principality of Kalenberg, 7 Sept., 1664; d. at Wuerzburg, 9 Feb., 1730
Eckhart, Meister - Biographical article on the Dominican theologian and mystic. Includes bibliography
Eckhel, Joseph Hilarius - German numismatist (1737-1798)
Eclecticism - A philosophical term meaning either a tendency of mind in a thinker to conciliate the different views or positions taken in regard to problems, or a system in philosophy which seeks the solution of its fundamental problems by selecting and uniting what it regards as true in the various philosophical schools
Economics - The social science which treats of man's activities in providing the material means to satisfy his wants
Ecstasy - Offers details of false views
Ecuador - An independent state of South America, bounded on the north by Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the south by Peru, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean
Ecumenical Councils - Article looking at the definition, place in church governance and short historical sketches of each council until Vatican I
Ecumenism - Includes the Catholic Church together with the many other religious communions which have either directly or indirectly, separated from it
Edda - A title applied to two different collections of old Norse literature, the poetical or 'Elder Edda' and the prose or 'Younger Edda'
Edelinck - The family name of four engravers
Eden, Garden of - The name popularly given in Christian tradition to the scriptural Garden of Eden
Edesius and Frumentius - Tyrian Greeks of the fourth century, probably brothers, who introduced Christianity into Abyssinia; the latter a saint and first Bishop of Axum, styled the Apostle of Abyssinia, d. about 383
Edessa - A titular archiepiscopal see in that part of Mesopotamia formerly known as Osrhoene
Edgeworth, Henry Essex - Confessor of Louis XVI, and vicar-general of the Diocese of Paris at the height of the French Revolution (1745-1807)
Edinburgh - Derives its name from the time (about A.D. 620) when the fortress of Edwin's burgh was raised on a lofty spur of the Pentland Hills, overlooking the Firth of Forth, and established the Anglian dominion in the northern part of the Northumbrian Kingdom
Editions of the Bible - Includes Hebrew and Greek editions
Edmund, Congregation of Saint - Founded in 1843, by Jean-Baptiste Muard, at Pontigny, France, for the work of popular missions
Edmund Arrowsmith, Venerable - English Jesuit and martyr, d. 1628. Short biography
Edmund Campion, Saint - English Jesuit, martyr, d. 1581. Biographical article
Edmund Rich, Saint - This Archbishop of Canterbury died in 1240, and was canonized within six years. Biography
Edmund the Martyr, Saint - Short biography of the King of East Anglia, who died in 870
Education - In the broadest sense, education includes all those experiences by which intelligence is developed, knowledge acquired, and character formed. In a narrower sense, it is the work done by certain agencies and institutions, the home and the school, for the express purpose of training immature minds
Educational Association, The Catholic - A voluntary organization composed of Catholic educators and other persons who have an interest in the welfare of Catholic education in the United States
Education of the Blind - Includes statistics and history
Education of the Deaf - History, aids, and alphabets are discussed
Edward III - Detailed biographical article on the King of England
Edward Powell, Blessed - Biography of the Welsh priest, Bl. Thomas Abel's companion in martyrdom, d. 1506
Edward the Confessor, Saint - Short biography of the King of England, who died in 1066
Edward the Martyr, Saint - King of England, assassinated at the age of 16 or 17 at the behest of his stepmother. St. Edward was murdered in 979
Edwin, Saint - Biography of the first Christian King of Northumbria, who died in 633. Also known, in Latinized form, as Aeduini
Edwy - King of the English, eldest son of Edmund and St. Aelfgifu, born about 940; died 959
Egan, Boetius - Archbishop of Tuam, born near Tuam, Ireland, 1734; died near Tuam, 1798
Egan, Michael - First bishop of Philadelphia, U.S.A., b. in Ireland, most probably in Galway, in 1761; d. at Philadelphia, 22 July, 1814
Egbert, Saint - A Northumbrian by birth, became a monk in Ireland, died in 729 at the age of 90
Egbert - Frequently though incorrectly called 'First King of England', died A.D. 839
Egbert, Archbishop of Trier - Belonged to the family of the Counts of Holland. Died 8 or 9 December, 993
Egbert, Archbishop of York - Son of Eata, brother of the Northumbrian King Eadbert and cousin of King Ceolwulf, to whom the Venerable Bede dedicated his history; date of birth unknown; d. 19 November, 766
Egfrid - King of Northumbria, b. 650; d. 685
Eginhard - Historian, born c. 770 in the district watered by the River Main in the eastern part of the Frankish Empire; d. 14 March, 840, at Seligenstadt
Egloffstein, Frederick W. von - Born at Aldorf, near Nuremberg, Bavaria, 18 May, 1824; died in New York, 1885
Egmont, Lamoral, Count of - Born at the Chateau de La Hamaide, in Hainault, 18 Nov., 1522; beheaded at Brussels, 5 June, 1568
Egoism - Synopsis of this ethical system, and short refutation
Eguiara y Eguren, Juan José - Mexican scholar (d. 1763)
Egwin, Saint - Third bishop of Worcester, founded the Benedictine monastery of Evesham, d. 717 or 720
Egypt - Provides information on history, religion, and literature
Egyptian Church Ordinance - An early Christian collection of thirty-one canons regulating ordinations, the liturgy, and other main features of church life
Eichendorff, Josef Karl Benedikt - Poet (1788-1857)
Eichstätt - Diocese in Bavaria, north of the Danube, and suffragan to Bamberg
Eimhin, Saint - Abbot and Bishop of Ros-mic-Truin, d. first half of the sixth century. Some believe that Eimhin is the author of the Tripartite Life of St. Patrick
Einhard - Historian, born c. 770 in the district watered by the River Main in the eastern part of the Frankish Empire; d. 14 March, 840, at Seligenstadt
Einsiedeln, Abbey of - A Benedictine monastery in the Canton of Schwyz, Switzerland, dedicated to Our Lady of the Hermits
Eisengrein, Martin - Catholic theologian and polemical writer, born of Protestant parents at Stuttgart, 28 December, 1535; died at Ingolstadt, 4 May, 1578
Eithene, Saint - Sixth-century Irish woman, visionary
Eithne, Saint - Irish princess, converted to Christianity by St. Patrick, died immediately after receiving her First Communion (433)
Ekkehard - Name of five monks of the (Swiss) Abbey of St. Gall from the tenth to the thirteenth century
Ekkehard of Aura - Benedictine monk and chronicler, b. about 1050; d. after 1125
Elaea - A titular see of Asia Minor
Elba - The largest island of the Tuscan Archipelago
Elbel, Benjamin - Bavarian moral theologian (1690-1756)
Elcesaites - A sect of Gnostic Ebionites
El Cid - Popular hero of the chivalrous age of Spain, born at Burgos c. 1040; died at Valencia, 1099. He was given the title of seid or cid (lord, chief) by the Moors and that of campeador (champion) by his admiring countrymen
Elder, George - Educator, b. 11 August, 1793, in Kentucky, U.S.A.; d. 28 Sept., 1838, at Bardstown
Elder, William Henry - Third Bishop of Natchez, Mississippi, U.S.A., and second Archbishop of Cincinnati, b. in Baltimore, Maryland, 22 March, 1819; d. in Cincinnati, 31 Oct., 1904
Eleazar - Includes information on three uses of this name
Elect - Denotes in general one chosen or taken by preference from among two or more; as a theological term it is equivalent to 'chosen as the object of mercy or Divine favour, as set apart for eternal life'
Election - In its broadest sense election means a choice among many persons, things, or sides to be taken. In the stricter juridical sense it means the choice of one person among many for a definite charge or function
Election, Papal - The method of electing the pope has varied considerably at different periods of the history of the Church. . .
Eleutherius, Pope Saint - Native of Nicopolis, served as deacon in the Roman Church, d. about 189
Eleutherius, Saint - First Bishop of Tournai, early sixth century
Eleutheropolis - A titular see in Palaestina Prima
Elevation, The - The Elevation of the Mass is a rite of comparatively recent introduction
El Greco - Spanish artist. Born in Crete, between 1545 and 1550; died at Toledo, 7 April, 1614
Elhuyar y de Suvisa, Fausto de - Mineralogist and chemist (1755-1833)
Eli - Discusses the Old Testament priest, and the New Testament father of Joseph
Elias - Old Testament prophet
Elias of Cortona - Minister General of the Friars Minor, b., it is said, at Bevilia near Assisi, c. 1180; d. at Cortona, 22 April, 1253
Elias of Jerusalem - Died 518; one of the two Catholic bishops (with Flavian of Antioch) who resisted the attempt of the Emperor Anastasius I (491-518) to abolish the Council of Chalcedon (451)
Elie de Beaumont, Jean-Baptiste-Armand-Louis-Léonce - Geologist, b. at Canon (Dep. Calvados), near Caen, France, 25 Sept., 1798; d. at Canon, 21 Sept., 1874
Eligius, Saint - Or Eloi. Bishop of Noyon-Tournai, founded several monasteries, d. 660
Elijah - Old Testament prophet
Elined, Saint - British princess, virgin, and martyr, fl. c. 490. Venerated especially in Wales
Eliseus - A Prophet of Israel
Elisha - A Prophet of Israel
Elishé - Armenian historian of the fifth century, place and date of birth unknown, d. 480
Eliud, Saint - Archbishop of Llandaff, born at Eccluis Gunniau, near Tenby, Pembrokeshire; died at Llandilo Vawr, Carmarthenshire, probably in or before 560
Elizabeth - The wife of Zachary, mother of St. John the Baptist, and relative of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Some believe that it was Elizabeth who proclaimed the Magnificat
Elizabeth Ann Seton, Saint - Biography of the founder of the Sisters of Charity in the United States
Elizabeth, Sisters of Saint - From an association established by Dorothea Klara Wolff, in connection with the sisters, Mathilde and Maria Merkert, and Franziska Werner, 1842, in Nelsse (Prussia), to tend in their own homes, without compensation, helpless sick persons who could not or would not be received into the hospitals
Elizabeth Associations - Charitable associations of women in Germany which aim for the love of Christ to minister to the bodily and spiritual sufferings of the sick poor and of neglected children
Elizabeth of Hungary, Saint - Also called St. Elizabeth of Thuringia. Biographical article on the princess, widow, Third Order Franciscan, who died in 1231
Elizabeth of Portugal, Saint - Queen, also known as St. Isabel, d. 1336
Elizabeth of Reute, Saint - Even in her childhood was called 'the good Betha.' Third Order Franciscan, d. 1420
Elizabeth of Schönau, Saint - Benedictine visionary, friend of Hildegarde of Bingen. Elizabeth died in 1165
Ellis, Philip Michael - First Vicar Apostolic of the Western District, England, subsequently Bishop of Segni, Italy, b. in 1652; d. 16 Nov., 1726
Ellwangen Abbey - The earliest Benedictine monastery established in the Duchy of Wurtemberg, situated in the Diocese of Augsburg about thirty miles north-east of the town of Stuttgart
Elohim - The common name for God
Elphege, Saint - Also called Alphege or Godwine. Hermit, abbot, Archbishop of Canterbury, martyred in 1012. Biographical article
Elphin - Suffragan of Tuam, Ireland, a see founded by St. Patrick
Elusa - A titular see of Palaestina Tertia, suffragan of Petra
Elvira, Council of - Held early in the fourth century at Elliberis, or Illiberis, in Spain, a city now in ruins not far from Granada
Ely - Ancient diocese in England
Elzéar of Sabran - Married, Third Order Franciscan, d. 1323
Emanationism - The doctrine that emanation (Lat. emanare, 'to flow from') is the mode by which all things are derived from the First Reality, or Principle
Emancipation, Ecclesiastical - In ancient Rome emancipation was a process of law by which a slave released from the control of his master, or a son liberated from the authority of his father (patria potestas), was declared legally independent. The earliest ecclesiastical employment of this process was in the freeing of slaves
Ember Days - The days at the beginning of the seasons ordered by the Church as days of fast and abstinence
Embolism - An insertion, addition, interpretation. The word has two specific uses in the language of the Church; in the prayer and in the calendar
Embroidery - In Christian worship embroidery was used from early times to ornament vestments
Emerentiana, Saint - Virgin and martyr, d. at Rome in the third century
Emery, Jacques-André - Superior of the Society of St-Sulpice during the French Revolution, b. 26 Aug., 1732, at Gex; d. at Paris, 28 April, 1811
Emesa - A titular see of Phoenicia Secunda, suffragan of Damascus, and the seat of two Uniat archdioceses, Greek Melchite and Syrian
Emigrant Aid Societies - Details of several organizations, the earliest being the Charitable Irish Society of Boston, Massachusetts, founded 17 March, 1737
Emiliana and Trasilla, Saints - Aunts of St. Gregory the Great, virgins in the sixth century
Emiliani, Saint Jerome - Soldier, priest, founder of the Order of Somascha, d. 1537
Emmanuel - Signifies 'God with us' (Matthew 1:23), and is the name of the child predicted in Isaias 7:14: 'Behold a virgin shall conceive, and bear a son, and his name shall be called Emmanuel'
Emmaus - A titular see in Palaestina Prima, suffragan of Caesarea
Emmeram, Saint - Late seventh-century missionary to Bavaria, where he was martyred
Emmeram, Saint, Abbey of - A Benedictine monastery at Ratisbon (Regensburg), named after its traditional founder, the patron saint of the city
Emmerich, Anne Catherine - An Augustinian nun, stigmatic, and ecstatic, born 8 September, 1774, at Flamsche, near Coesfeld, in the Diocese of Munster, Westphalia, Germany; died at Dulmen, 9 February, 1824
Empiricism - Primarily, and in its psychological application, the term signifies the theory that the phenomena of consciousness are simply the product of sensuous experience, i.e. of sensations variously associated and arranged
Ems, Congress of - A meeting of the representatives of the German Archbishops Friedrich Karl von Erthal of Mainz, Maximilian Franz of Cologne, Clemens Wenceslaus of Trier, and Hieronymus von Colloredo of Salzburg, at the little town of Bad-Ems, near Coblenz, in August, 1786, for the purpose of protesting against papal interference in the exercise of episcopal powers and fixing the future relations between these archbishops and the Roman pontiff
Emser, Hieronymus - The most ardent literary opponent of Luther, born of a prominent family at Ulm, 20 March, 1477; died 8 Nov., 1527 at Dresden
Encina, Juan de la - Biographical article commenting on his musical and writing abilities and his priestly positions
Enciso, Diego Ximenez de - Dramatic poet, b. in Andalusia, Spain, c. 1585; date of death unknown
Enciso, Martín Fernández de - Navigator and geographer, b. at Seville, Spain, c. 1470; d. probably about 1528 at Seville
Encolpion - The name given in early Christian times to a species of reliquary worn round the neck, in which were enclosed relics
Encratites - Literally, 'abstainers' or 'persons who practised continency', because they refrained from the use of wine, animal food, and marriage
Encyclical - According to its etymology, an encyclical is nothing more than a circular letter. In modern times, usage has confined the term almost exclusively to certain papal documents which differ in their technical form from the ordinary style of either Bulls or Briefs, and which in their superscription are explicitly addressed to the patriarchs, primates, archbishops, and bishops of the Universal Church in communion with the Apostolic See
Encyclopedia - An abridgment of human knowledge in general or a considerable department thereof, treated from a uniform point of view or in a systematized summary
Encyclopedists - Article by C.A. Dubray siscusses the group of philosophers who contributed to the Encyclopedie
Endlicher, Stephan Ladislaus - Austrian botanist, linguist, and historian, b. at Pressburg, Hungary, 24 June, 1804; d. at Vienna, 28 March, 1849
Endowment - A property, fund, or revenue permanently appropriated for the support of any person, institution, or object, as a student, professorship, school, hospital
Energy, The Law of Conservation of - Includes the history and philosophy
Engaddi - The name of a warm spring near the center of the west shore of the Dead Sea, and also of a town situated in the same place
Engel, Ludwig - Canonist, b. at Castle Wagrein, Austria; d. at Grillenberg, 22 April 1694
Engelberg, Abbey of - A Benedictine monastery in Switzerland, formerly in the Diocese of Constance
Engelbert of Cologne, Saint - Went from excommunicated worldly soldier to martyred archbishop. He was killed by his cousin in 1225
Engelbert - Abbot of the Benedictine monastery of Admont in Styria, b. of noble parents at Volkersdorf in Styria, c. 1250; d. 12 May, 1331
Engelbrechtsen, Cornelis - Dutch painter, b. at Leyden, 1468; d. there 1533; is believed to have been identical with a certain Cornelis de Hollandere who was a member of the Guild of St. Luke at Antwerp in 1492
England (Before 1066) - History of the occupation, conversion, and development
England (1066-1558) - This term England is here restricted to one constituent, the largest and most populous, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
England (After 1558) - Article on the relation of the post-Reformation Catholic church to the English state
England, John - First Bishop of Charleston, S.C (1786-1842)
Englefield, Sir Henry Charles, Bart. - Antiquary and scientist, b. 1752; d. 21 March, 1822
English College, The, in Rome - Information on its foundation, scholastic status, and students
English Confessors and Martyrs (1534-1729) - Since this article was published, some of the causes for canonization have been successful, and others have progressed from 'venerable' to 'blessed.'
English Hierarchy, Reorganization of the - The restoration of the English hierarchy in 1850 was a milestone for English Catholics after the Penal Times
English Literature - Latin, French, Italian, Greek, and Spanish literatures are a few of the influences
English Revolution of 1688 - The history of the Revolution resolves itself into a catalogue of various ill-judged measures which alienated the support of the Established Church, the Tory party, and the nation as a whole
Ennodius, Magnus Felix - Rhetorician and bishop, b. probably at Arles, in Southern Gaul, in 474; d. at Pavia, Italy, 17 July, 521
Enoch - The name of the son of Cain, of a nephew of Abraham, of the first-born of Ruben, and of the son of Jared and the father of Mathusala
Enoch, Book of - Introductory article
Ensingen, Ulrich - Belonged to a family of architects who came from Einsingen near Ulm, Wurtemberg, and who shared as master-builders in the construction of the most important Gothic buildings of the fifteenth century in Southern Germany
Entablature - A superstructure which lies horizontally upon the columns in classic architecture
Enthronization - From Greek 'enthronizein, to place on a throne
Envy - Taken to be synonymous with jealousy
Eoghan, Saints - Some details on five Irish saints of this name
Epact - The surplus days of the solar over the lunar year; hence, more freely, the number of days in the age of the moon on 1 January of any given year. The whole system of epacts is based on the Metonic Lunar Cycle, and serves to indicate the days of the year on which the new moons occur
Eparchy - Originally the name of one of the divisions of the Roman Empire
Epée, Charles-Michel de l' - A philanthropic priest and inventor of the sign alphabet for the instruction of the deaf and dumb; was b. at Versailles, 25 November, 1712; d. at Paris, 23 December, 1789
Eperies - Diocese of the Greek Ruthenian Rite, suffragan to Gran
Ephesians, Epistle to the - The letter which, in the manuscripts containing the Epistles of St. Paul, bears the title 'To the Ephesians' comprises two parts distinctly separated by a doxology (Eph., iii, 20 sq.)
Ephesus - A titular archiespiscopal see in Asia Minor, said to have been founded in the eleventh century B.C. by Androcles, son of the Athenian King Codrus, with the aid of Ionian colonists
Ephesus, Council of - The third ecumenical council, held in 431
Ephesus, Robber Council of - The Acts of the first session of this synod were read at the Council of Chalcedon, 451, and have thus been preserved. The remainder of the Acts are known only through a Syriac translation by a Monophysite monk, published from the British Museum MS. Addit. 14,530, written in the year 535
Ephesus, Seven Sleepers of - One of the many examples of the legend about a man who falls asleep and years after wakes up to find the world changed
Ephod - a kind of garment, which differed according to its use by the high-priest, by other persons present at religious services, or as the object of idolatrous worship
Ephraem, Saint - Long article on the life and works of the hermit, deacon, poet
Ephraemi Rescriptus, Codex - The last in the group of the four great uncial manuscripts of the Greek Bible, received its name from the treatises of St. Ephraem the Syrian (translated into Greek) which were written over the original text
Ephraim of Antioch - One of the defenders of the Faith of Chalcedon (451) against the Monophysites, b. at Amida in Mesopotamia; d. in 545
Epicureanism - In its popular sense, the word stands for a refined and calculating selfishness, seeking not power or fame, but the pleasures of sense, particularly of the palate, and those in company rather than solitude
Epiklesis - The name of a prayer that occurs in all Eastern liturgies (and originally in Western liturgies also) after the words of Institution, in which the celebrant prays that God may send down His Holy Spirit to change this bread and wine into the Body and Blood of His Son
Epimachus and Gordianus, Saints - Roman martyrs under Julian the Apostate. Both died in 362. Although they did not die together, they are buried together, and the cemetery is named after them. Identifies two other martyrs named Gordianus, considers several named Epimachus
Epiphania - A titular see in Cilicia Secunda, in Asia Minor, suffragan of Anazarbus
Epiphanius - A translator of various Greek works in the middle of the sixth century of the Christian Era
Epiphanius of Constantinople - Succeeded John II (518-20) as Patriarch of Constantinople
Epiphanius of Salamis - Biographical article on the fourth-century monk and bishop
Epiphany - The feast was called among the Syrians denho (up-going), a name to be connected with the notion of rising light expressed in Luke. I, 78
Episcopalians - Protestant denomination born from Anglicanism
Episcopal Subsidies - Since the faithful are obliged to contribute to the support of religion, especially in their own diocese, a bishop may ask contributions for diocesan needs from his own subjects, and particularly from the clergy
Epistemology - That branch of philosophy which is concerned with the value of human knowledge
Epistle (in Scripture) - The Old Testament exhibits two periods in its idea of an epistle: first, it presents the epistle under the general concept of a book or a writing; secondly, it regards the epistle as a distinct literary form. The New Testament presents a very highly developed form of an epistle
Epping, Joseph - German astronomer and Assyriologist, b. at Neuenkirchen near Rhine in Westphalia, 1 Dec., 1835; d. at Exaeten, Holland, 22 Aug., 1894
Erasmus, Desiderius - Article by Joseph Sauer. An extensive overview of the life, works and impact of this scholar
Erastus and Erastianism - The name 'Erastianism' is often used in a somewhat loose sense as denoting an undue subservience of the Church to the State
Erbermann, Veit - Theologian and controversialist, born 25 May, 1597, at Rendweisdorff, in Bavaria; died 8 April, 1675
Ercilla y Zúñiga, Alonso de - Spanish soldier and poet, born in Madrid, 7 August, 1533; died in the same city, 29 November, 1594
Erconwald, Saint - Monk, Bishop of London, founded two monasteries, d. about 690. Biography
Erdeswicke, Sampson - Antiquarian, date of birth unknown; died 1603
Erdington Abbey - Situated in a suburb of Birmingham, Warwickshire, England, belongs to the Benedictine congregation of St. Martin of Beuron, Germany, and is dedicated to St. Thomas of Canterbury
Erhard of Ratisbon, Saint - Seventh-century Irish-born missionary bishop
Erie - Diocese established 1853
Erin, The Twelve Apostles of - Twelve holy Irishmen of the sixth century who went to study at the School of Clonard in Meath
Eriugena, John Scotus - Article by William Turner recounts this scholar's life and influence, and evaluates his teachings
Ermland - A district of East Prussia and an exempt bishopric. St. Adalbert of Prague (d. 997) and St. Bruno of Querfurt (d. 1009) converted the early inhabitants of this region, the heathen Prussians, to Christianity and two centuries later Teutonic Knights and members of the Cistercian Order introduced civilization also into the land
Ernakulam, Vicariate Apostolic of - In May, 1887, the churches of Syrian Rite in Malabar were separated from those of the Latin Rite and formed into the Vicariates of Trichur and Kottayam under European prelates. In response, however, to the petitions of the Syrian Catholics desirous of obtaining bishops of their own race and rite, Leo XIII by his brief 'Quae Rei Sacrae' (28 July, 1896) divided the territory anew into three vicariates: Trichur, Changanacherry, and Ernakulam
Ernan, Saints - Some people count more than two dozen saints of this name. Article tries to distinguish four of them
Ernst of Hesse-Rheinfels - The sixth son of Moritz, Landgrave of Hesse-Cassel, after whose resignation of the government in 1627 to his son Wilhelm V, Ernst and his brother Hermann respectively founded the collateral lines of Hesse-Rheinfels and Hesse-Rotenburg
Ernulf - Architect, b. at Beauvais, France, in 1040; d. 1124
Errington, William - Priest, founder of Sedgley Park School, b. 17 July, 1716; d. 28 September, 1768
Error - Reduplicatively regarded, is in one way or another the product of ignorance. But besides the lack of information which it implies, it adds the positive element of a mental judgment, by which something false is held to be true, or something true avouched to be false
Erskine, Charles - Cardinal, b. at Rome, 13 Feb., 1739; d. at Paris, 20 March, 1811
Erthal, Franz Ludwig von - Prince-Bishop of Wuerzburg and Bamberg, b. at Lohr on the Main, 16 September, 1730; d. at Wuerzburg, 16 February, 1795
Erthal, Friedrich Karl Joseph, Freiherr von - Last Elector and Archbishop of Mainz, b. 3 Jan., 1719, at Mainz; d. 25 July, 1802, at Aschaffenburg
Erwin of Steinbach - One of the architects of the Strasburg cathedral, date of birth unknown; d. at Strasburg, 17 January, 1318
Erythrae - A titular see in Asia Minor. According to legend the city was founded by colonists from Crete
Erzerum (Theodosiopolis) - The kings of Armenia established their summer residence here. Later Garin fell into the power of the Byzantines, who named it Theodosiopolis (415), under which title it is still a Latin titular see
Esau - The eldest son of Isaac and Rebecca, the twin-brother of Jacob
Esch, Nicolaus van - A famous mystical theologian, b. in Oisterwijk near Hertogenbosch (Boisle-Duc), Holland, in 1507; d. 19 July, 1578
Eschatology - A survey of the subject in various pre-Christian religions and cultures, an examination of the development of eschatology in the Old Testament, brief overview of Christian teaching
Escobar, Marina de - Mystic and foundress of a modified branch of the Brigittine Order b. at Valladolid, Spain, 8 Feb., 1554; d. there 9 June, 1633
Escobar y Mendoza, Antonio - Preacher and writer, born at Valladolid in 1589; died there, 4 July, 1669
Escorial, The - A building in Spain situated on the south-eastern slope of the Sierra Guadarrama about twenty-seven miles northwest of Madrid. Its proper title is El Real Monasterio de San Lorenzo del Escorial, Escorial being the name of a small town in the vicinity
Esdras - Or Ezra. Article on the man and the books which bear his name
Esglis, Louis-Philippe Mariauchau d' - Eighth Bishop of Quebec, Canada; born Quebec, 24 April, 1710; died 7 June, 1788
Eskil - Archbishop of Lund, Skåne, Sweden; b. about 1100; d. at Clairvaux, 6 (7?) Sept., 1181
Eskimo - A littoral race occupying the entire Arctic coast and outlying islands of America from below Cook Inlet in Alaska to the mouth of the St. Lawrence
Esnambuc, Pierre Belain, Sieur d' - Captain in the French marine, b. 1565, at Allouville, near Yvetot (Seine-Inferieure); d. at St. Christopher in Dec., 1636
ESP - A term introduced by F.W.H. Myers in 1882 to denote 'the ability of one mind to impress or to be impressed by another mind otherwise than through the recognized channels of sense'
Espejo, Antonio - A Spanish explorer, whose fame rests upon a notable expedition which he conducted into New Mexico and Arizona in 1582-3
Espen, Zeger Bernhard van - Belgian canonist, born at Louvain, 9 July, 1646; died at Amersfoort, Netherlands, 2 Oct., 1728
Espence, Claude D' - French theologian, born in 1511 at Chalons-sur-Marne; died 5 Oct., 1571, at Paris
Espinel, Vincent - Poet and novelist; born at Ronda (Malaga), Spain, 1544; died at Madrid, 1634
Espinosa, Alonso De - Spanish priest and historian of the sixteenth century
Espousals - A contract of future marriage between a man and a woman, who are thereby affianced
Espousals of the Blessed Virgin Mary - A feast of the Latin Church
Essence and Existence - Essence, described as that whereby a thing is what it is. Existence is that whereby the essence is an actuality in the line of being
Essenes - One of three leading Jewish sects mentioned by Josephus as flourishing in the second century B.C., the others being the Pharisees and the Sadducees
Est, Willem Hessels van - Famous commentator on the Pauline Epistles (1542-1613)
Establishment, The - The union of Church and State setting up a definite and distinctive relation between the two is frequently expressed in English by the use of the word 'establishment'
Estaing, Comte d' - French admiral, b. at the chateau de Ravel (Auvergne), 28 November, 1729; d. at Paris, 28 April, 1794
Esther - Queen of Persia and wife of Assuerus, who is identified with Xerxes (485-465 B.C.)
Estiennot de la Serre, Claude - Benedictine (1639-1699)
Eternity - Eternity is defined by Boetius (De Consol. Phil., V, vi) as 'possession, without succession and perfect, of interminable life'
Ethelbert, Saint - Biography of the King of the East Angles, who was murdered in 794
Ethelbert, Saint - King of Kent, a worshipper of Odin well into his adulthood, converted to Christianity, d. 616. Biography
Ethelbert - Archbishop of York
Etheldreda, Saint - Queen of Northumbria, twice married for reasons of state, d. 679. Biography
Ethethard - The fourteenth Archbishop of Canterbury, England, date of birth unknown; died 12 May, 805
Ethelwold, Saint - Bishop of Winchester, called 'father of monks,' d. 984
Etherianus, Hugh and Leo - Brothers, Tuscans by birth, employed at the court of Constantinople under the Emperor Manuel I (Comnenus, 1143-1180)
Ethics - Many writers regard ethics as any scientific treatment of the moral order and divide it into theological, or Christian, ethics (moral theology) and philosophical ethics (moral philosophy)
Ethiopia - Includes geography, history, and religion
Etschmiadzin - An Armenian monastery, since 1441 the ecclesiastical capital of the schismatic Armenians, and seat of their patriarch or catholicos, whom the greater part of the Non-Uniat Armenian Church acknowledge as their head
Euaria - A titular see of Phoenicia Secunda or Libanensis, in Palestine
Eucarpia - A titular see of Phrygia Salutaris in Asia Minor
Eucharist, Introduction to the - The name given to the Blessed Sacrament of the Altar its twofold aspect of sacrament and Sacrifice of Mass, and in which Jesus Christ is truly present under the bread and wine
Eucharist, as a Sacrament - Since Christ is present under the appearances of bread and wine in a sacramental way, the Blessed Eucharist is unquestionably a sacrament of the Church
Eucharist, as a Sacrifice - The word Mass (missa) first established itself as the general designation for the Eucharistic Sacrifice in the West after the time of Pope Gregory the Great, the early Church having used the expression the 'breaking of bread' (fractio panis) or 'liturgy'
Eucharist, Early Symbols of the - The earliest and always the favourite symbol of the Eucharist in the monuments was that inspired by the miracle of the multiplication of the loaves and fishes; the banquet of the seven Disciples appears only in one (second-century) catacomb scene; the miracle of Cana in two, one of which is of the early third, the other of the fourth, century
Eucharist, Real Presence of Christ in - Article considers: the fact of the Real Presence; the several allied dogmas grouped about it; and the speculations of reason, so far as speculative investigation regarding the august mystery under its various aspects is permissible, and so far as it is desirable to illumine it by the light of philosophy
Eucharistic Congresses - Gatherings of ecclesiastics and laymen for the purpose of celebrating and glorifying the Holy Eucharist and of seeking the best means to spread its knowledge and love throughout the world
Eucharistic Prayer - Article divided into four sections: (I) Name and place of the Canon; (II) History of the Canon; (III) The text and rubrics of the Canon; (IV) Mystical interpretations
Eucharius, Saint - First bishop of Trier (Treves). Second half of third century
Eucherius, Saint - Bishop of Lyons, theologian, d. about 449
Euchologion - The name of one of the chief Service books of the Byzantine Church. It corresponds more or less to the Missal and Ritual
Eudes, Blessed Jean - French missionary, religious founder, writer, d. 1680
Eudists - An ecclesiastical society instituted at Caen, France, 25 March, 1643, by Jean Eudes
Eudocia - Aelia Eudocia, sometimes wrongly called Eudoxia, was the wife of Theodosius II; died c. 460. Her original name was Athenais, and she was the daughter of Leontius, one of the last pagans who taught rhetoric at Athens
Eudoxias - A titular see of Galatia Secunda in Asia Minor, suffragan of Pessinus
Eugendus, Saint - Fourth abbot of Condat, d. 510. Also called St. Augendus, Oyand, or Oyan
Eugene I, Saint, Pope - Made bishop of Rome after Pope St. Martin I had been in exile for 14 months. Eugene died in 657
Eugene II, Pope - Elected 6 June, 824; died 27 Aug., 827
Eugene III, Pope - Cistercian monk and abbot chosen by unanimous vote of the College of Cardinals to succeed Lucius II. Blessed Eugene died in 1151
Eugene IV, Pope - Gabriello Condulmaro, or Condulmerio, b. at Venice, 1388; elected 4 March, 1431; d. at Rome, 23 Feb., 1447
Eugenics - Eugenics literally means 'good breeding'. It is defined as the study of agencies under social control that may improve or impair the racial qualities of future generations either physically or mentally
Eugenius I - Archbishop of Toledo, successor in 636 of Justus in that see; d. 647
Eugenius II (the Younger) - Archbishop of Toledo from 647 to 13 Nov., 657, the date of his death
Eugenius of Carthage, Saint - Unanimously elected bishop of Carthage, exiled for a time for speaking out against the Arians, died 505
Eulalia of Barcelona, Saint - Martyred 12 February, 304, patron saint of sailors
Eulogia - The term has been applied in ecclesiastical usage to the object blessed. It was occasionally used in early times to signify the Holy Eucharist, and in this sense is especially frequent in the writings of St. Cyril of Alexandria
Eulogius of Alexandria, Saint - Patriarch of Alexandria. Argued against Novatians, and against Nestorius and Eutyches. Eulogius died in 607
Eulogius of Cordova, Saint - Writer, martyr, elected Archbishop of Toledo shortly before he was beheaded (11 March, 859)
Eumenia - A titular see of Phrygia Pacatiana in Asia Minor, and suffragan to Hierapolis
Eunan, Saint - Irish-born abbot of Iona, and St. Columba's biographer
Eunomianism - A phase of extreme Arianism prevalent amongst a section of Eastern churchmen from about 350 until 381; as a sect it is not heard of after the middle of the fifth century
Euphemius of Constantinople - Succeeded as patriarch Flavitas (or Fravitas, 489-490), who succeeded Acacius (471-489)
Euphrasia, Saint - A desert mother, died after 410
Euphrosyne, Saint - According to the Vitae Patrum, passed as a man and lived in a men's monastery for 38 years. She died in about 470
Euroea - A titular see of Epirus Vetus in Greece, suffragan of Nicopolis
Europe - The conception of Europe as a distinct division of the earth, separate from Asia and Africa, had its origin in ancient times
Europus - A titular see in Provincis Euphratensis, suffragan of Hierapolis
Eusebius, Saint - Bishop of Vercelli, exiled for defending St. Athanasius, anti-Arian, martyr, d. 371
Eusebius, Saint - Anti-Arian bishop of Samosata, martyr, d. 379 or 380
Eusebius, Saint - A Roman presbyter, confessor, d. possibly in 357
Eusebius, Saint, Pope - Reigned for only four months, in 309 or 310, was deported, died in exile, is counted as a martyr
Eusebius, Chronicle of - Consists of two parts: the first was probably called by Eusebius the 'Chronograph' or 'Chronographies'; the second he terms the 'Canon', or 'Canons', and also the 'Chronological Canons'
Eusebius Bruno - Bishop of Angers, b. in the early part of the eleventh century; d. at Angers, 29 August, 1081
Eusebius of Alexandria - Ecclesiastical writer and author of a number of homilies well known in the sixth and seventh centuries
Eusebius of Cæsarea - Biographical article on the 'Father of Church History.'
Eusebius of Dorylæum - Bishop of Dorylaeum in Asia Minor, was the prime mover on behalf of Catholic orthodoxy against the heresies of Nestorius and Eutyches
Eusebius of Laodicea - An Alexandrian deacon who had some fame as a confessor and became bishop of Laodicea in Syria, date of birth uncertain: d. about 268
Eusebius of Nicomedia - Bishop, place and date of birth unknown; d. 341. He was a pupil at Antioch of Lucian the Martyr, in whose famous school he learned his Arian doctrines
Eustace, Saint - Companion of St. Columbanus and second abbot of Luxeuil, d. 625
Eustace, John Chetwode - Antiquary, b. in Ireland, c. 1762; d. at Naples, Italy, 1 Aug., 1815
Eustace, Maurice - His own father had him arrested for secretly taking Holy Orders, and Maurice's brother accused him of treason. Martyred at Dublin in 1581
Eustachius, Bartolomeo - A distinguished anatomist of the Renaissance period
Eustachius and Companions, Saints - Second-century Roman martyrs
Eustathius, Saint - Anti-Arian bishop of Antioch, died in exile, probably in 360
Eustathius of Sebaste - Born about 300; died about 377. He was one of the chief founders of monasticism in Asia Minor, and for a long time was an intimate friend of St. Basil
Eustochium Julia, Saint - Daughter of St. Paula. Monastic, spoke Latin and Greek, read Hebrew, the recipient of a famous letter from St. Jerome. She died in 419 or 420
Euthalius - A deacon of Alexandria and later Bishop of Sulca
Euthanasia - From Greek eu, well, and thanatos, death, easy, painless death
Euthymius, Saint - Called 'the Great,' abbot in Palestine, d. 473
Eutropius of Valencia - Spanish bishop; d. about 610
Eutyches - An heresiarch of the fifth century
Eutychianism - Eutychianism and Monophysitism are usually identified as a single heresy. But as some Monophysites condemned Eutyches, the name Eutychians is given by some writers only to those in Armenia
Eutychianus, Saint, Pope - The successor of Pope Felix I. Eutychianus died in 283
Eutychius I - Patriarch of Constantinople, b. about 512, in Phrygia; d. Easter Day, 5 April, 582
Eutychius - Melchite Patriarch of Alexandria, author of a history of the world, b. 876, at Fustat (Cairo); d. 11 May, 940
Evagrius - Church historian (536-594)
Evagrius - Short article on this important fourth-century author of ascetical writings
Evangeliaria - Liturgical books containing those portions of the Gospels which are read during Mass or in the public offices of the Church
Evangelical Alliance, The - An association of Protestants belonging to various denominations founded in 1846
Evangelical Church - Almost from the beginning the new Evangelical Church was split, first into two communions, the Lutheran and the Reformed, then into a multitude of sects
Evangelical Counsels - The difference between a precept and a counsel lies in this, that the precept is a matter of necessity while the counsel is left to the free choice of the person to whom it is proposed
Evangelist - In the New Testament this word, in its substantive form, occurs only three times: Acts, xxi, 8; Eph., iv, 11; II Tim., iv, 5. It seems to indicate not so much an order in the early ecclesiastical hierarchy as a function
Evaristus, Pope Saint - Sometimes called Aristus. Martyr, died about 107
Eve - First woman; wife of Adam
Eve of a Feast - In the first ages, during the night before every feast, a vigil was kept. In the evening the faithful assembled in the place or church where the feast was to be celebrated and prepared themselves by prayers, readings from Holy Writ (now the Offices of Vespers and Matins), and sometimes also by hearing a sermon
Evesham Abbey - Founded by St. Egwin, third Bishop of Worcester, about 701, in Worcestershire, England, and dedicated to the Blessed Virgin
Evil - In a large sense, described as the sum of the opposition, which experience shows to exist in the universe, to the desires and needs of individuals; whence arises, among human beings at least, the sufferings in which life abounds
Evin, Saint - Contemporary of St. Abban of Magheranoidhe, and often confused with St. Evin of Rosglass
Evodius - The first Bishop of Antioch after St. Peter
Evolution, Catholics and - Discussed under the headings: (1) Scientific Hypothesis vs. Philosophical Speculation; (2) Theistic vs. Atheistic Theories of Evolution; (3) The Theory of Evolution vs. Darwinism; and (4) Human Evolution vs. Plant and Animal Evolution
Evolution, History and Scientific Foundation of - History, definition, and various arguments
Evora - Located in Portugal, raised to archiepiscopal rank in 1544, at which time it was given as suffragans Leiria and Portalegre; in 1570 and later were added Sylves, Ceuta, Congo, Santo Thome, Funchal, Cabo Verde, and Angra
Evreux - Diocese in the Department of Eure, France; suffragan of the Archbishopric of Rouen
Ewald, Saints - Both saints named Ewald (or Hewald)--Ewald the Black and Ewald the Fair--were Northumbrian priests, martyred in Old Saxony about 695
Ewin, Saint - Contemporary of St. Abban of Magheranoidhe, and often confused with St. Evin of Rosglass
Ewing, Thomas - Jurist and statesman, b. in West Liberty, Virginia (now West Virginia), U.S.A., 28 December, 1789; d. at Lancaster, Ohio, 26 October, 1871
Ex Cathedra - Literally 'from the chair', a theological term which signifies authoritative teaching and is more particularly applied to the definitions given by the Roman pontiff
Examination - A process prescribed or assigned for testing qualification; an investigation, inquiry
Examination of Conscience - By this term is understood a review of one's past thoughts, words and actions for the purpose of ascertaining their conformity with, or difformity from, the moral law
Examiners, Apostolic - So called because appointed by the Apostolic See for service in Rome. In 1570 Pius V instituted the Apostolic examiners to conduct examinations of candidates for orders and of confessors
Examiners, Synodal - The chief purpose of synodal examiners is to conduct competitive examinations or concursus though they may be designated to hold of other examinations
Exarch - A title used in various senses both civilly and ecclesiastically
Excardination and Incardination - In the ecclesiastical sense the words are used to denote that a given person is freed from the jurisdiction of one bishop and is transferred to that of another
Exclusion, Right of - The alleged competence of the more important Catholic countries, Austria, France, and Spain, to indicate to their respective cardinal protector, or cardinal procurator, those members of the Sacred College who were personae minus gratae, so that, if there was a possibility of one of these becoming pope, the authorized cardinal might, before the decisive ballot, give his veto, in the name of his government, against such election
Excommunication - Exclusion from the communion, the principal and severest censure, is a medicinal, spiritual penalty that deprives the guilty Christian of all participation in the common blessings of ecclesiastical society
Executor, Apostolic - A cleric who puts into execution a papal rescript, completing what is necessary in order that it be effective
Exedra - A semicircular stone or marble seat; a rectangular or semicircular recess; the portico of the Grecian palaestra, or gymnasium, in which disputations of the learned were held among the ancients; also, in private houses, the parastas, or vestibule, used for conversation
Exegesis, Biblical - The branch of theology which investigates and expresses the true sense of Sacred Scripture
Exemption - The whole or partial release of an ecclesiastical person, corporation, or institution from the authority of the ecclesiastical superior next higher in rank, and the placing of the person or body thus released under the control of the authority next above the former superior, or under a still higher one, or under the highest authority of all, the pope
Exequatur - A faculty which civil rulers impart to a Bull, papal Brief, or other ecclesiastical enactment in order to give it binding force in their respective territories
Exeter, Ancient Diocese of - English see, chosen by Leofric, Bishop of Crediton, as his cathedral city in 1050
Exmew, Blessed William — Carthusian monk and martyr (d. 1535)
Exodus (See Pentateuch) - The name of the first five books of the Old Testament.
Exorcism - Exorcism is (1) the act of driving out, or warding off, demons, or evil spirits, from persons, places, or things, which are believed to be possessed or infested by them, or are liable to become victims or instruments of their malice; (2) the means employed for this purpose, especially the solemn and authoritative adjuration of the demon, in the name of God, or any of the higher power in which he is subject
Exorcist - (1) In general, any one who exorcises or professes to exorcise demons (cf. Acts 19:13); (2) in particular, one ordained by a bishop for this office, ordination to which is the second of the four minor orders of the Western Church
Expectation of the Blessed Virgin Mary - Celebrated on 18 December by nearly the entire Latin Church. Owing to the ancient law of the Church prohibiting the celebration of feasts during Lent (a law still in vigour at Milan), the Spanish Church transferred the feast of the Annunciation from 25 March to the season of Advent, the Tenth Council of Toledo (656) assigning it definitely to 18 December
Expectative - An expectative, or an expectative grace, is the anticipatory grant of an ecclesiastical benefice, not vacant at the moment but which will become so, regularly, on the death of its present incumbent
Expeditors, Apostolic - Officials who attend to the sending of Bulls, Briefs, and Rescripts, that emanate from the Apostolic Chancery, the Dataria, the Sacred Paenitentiaria, and the Secretariate of Briefs
Exposition of the Blessed Sacrament - A manner of honouring the Holy Eucharist, by exposing it, with proper solemnity, to the view of the faithful in order that they may pay their devotions before it
Extension - Philosophical term. From Lat. ex-tendere, to spread out
Extension Society, The Catholic Church - The first active agitation for a church extension or home mission society for the Catholic Church in North America was begun in 1904 by an article of the present writer, published in the 'American Ecclesiastical Review' (Philadelphia)
Extra-Sensory Perception (ESP) - A term introduced by F.W.H. Myers in 1882 to denote 'the ability of one mind to impress or to be impressed by another mind otherwise than through the recognized channels of sense'
Extravagantes - This word is employed to designate some papal decretals not contained in certain canonical collections which possess a special authority, i.e. they are not found in the Decree of Gratian or the three official collections of the 'Corpus Juris'
Extreme Unction - A sacrament to give spiritual aid and comfort and perfect spiritual health, including, if need be, the remission of sins, and also, conditionally, to restore bodily health, to Christians who are seriously ill
Exul Hibernicus - The name given to an Irish stranger on the Continent of Europe in the time of Charles the Great, who wrote poems in Latin, several of which are addressed to the emperor
Exultet - The hymn in praise of the paschal candle sung by the deacon, in the liturgy of Holy Saturday
Exuperius, Saint - Or Exsuperius. Early fifth-century bishop of Toulouse
Eyb, Albrecht von - One of the earliest German humanists, born in 1420 near Ansbach in Franconia; died in 1475
Eyck, Hubert and Jan van - Brothers, Flemish illuminators and painters, founders of the school of Bruges and consequently of all the schools of painting in the North of Europe
Eycken, Jean Baptiste van - Painter, born at Brussels, Belgium, 16 September, 1809; died at Schaerbeek, 19 December, 1853
Eymard, Venerable Pierre-Julien - Biographical article on the French priest and founder
Eymeric, Nicolas - Theologian and inquisitor, born at Gerona, in Catalonia, Spain, c. 1320; died there 4 January, 1399
Eyre, Thomas - First president of Ushaw College; born at Glossop, Derbyshire; in 1748; died at Ushaw, 8 May, 1810
Eyston, Charles - Antiquary, born 1667; died 5 November, 1721; he was a member of the ancient family of Eyston
Ezechias - King of Juda, son and successor of Achaz
Ezekiel - Son of Buzi, and was one of the priests who, in the year 598 B.C., had been deported together with Joachim as prisoners from Jerusalem
Ezion-geber - More properly Ezion-geber, a city of Idumea, situated on the northern extremity of the Aelanitic Gulf, now called the Gulf of Akabah
Eznik - A writer of the fifth century, born at Golp, in the province of Taikh, a tributary valley of the Chorokh, in Northern Armenia
Ezra - Or Ezra. Article on the man and the books which bear his name
Ezzo - A priest of Bamberg in the eleventh century, author of a famous poem known as the 'Song of the Miracles of Christ'